旅游景点可持续发展旅游目的地外文文献翻译2013年译文5100多字(3)

The dynamic nature of tourist channel competition requires destinations to be able to combine and manage their tourist resources in order to gain competitive advantage (see Teece, Pisano, & Shuen, 1997). The new needs of tourists impose destinations constantly to reconfigure, gain, and dispose of attractive resource able to meet the demand of a shifting market. This has led to the concept of dynamic capabilities; viz. organisation's processes (in our case tourist destination) that “integrate, reconfigure, gain and release resources to match and even create market change” (Eisenhardt & Martin, 2000: p. 1107).

In the tourist field competition among territorial areas is usually not centred on the single aspects of the tourist product (environmental resources, transportation, tourism services, hospitality, etc.), but on the tourist destination as an integrated and compound set of tourist facilities for the client

Therefore, employees of the travel agencies must receive the training on awareness of environmental protection. First, either the administrators or the ordinary employees must build up their long-term concept of sustainable development, exercise their obligation of preservation of the ecological environment and promote the coordinated development of ecology with economy. Second, the resource-friendly sense of value must be established because for the travel agencies, uncontrolled consumption of tourist resources today means the loss of a foundation for enterprise development tomorrow. Third, build up the legal concept of environmental protection and consciously regulate the enterprise behaviors with laws and regulations. Fourth, establish the moral concept of environmental protection. The Central Government has already brought environmental protection into the category of socialist ideological and ethical progress. Modern tourist enterprises should perform their social responsibility, conscientiously abide by the social morality and endeavor to advocate the advanced cultures of our country. Only on basis of the above concepts can the travel agencies usher in harmonious development with the society and environment.

3.3 Guide the Visitors in Protection of the Environment

During the design of tourist products, the travel agencies should fully listen to the opinions of the regional ecological researchers and the natural protecting bodies. It is better to employ the local people to operate the hotels and visitors should be suggested not purchasing the local and special products which may affect the natural environment. Guide the visitors to communicate properly with the local people and organize various public benefit activities conducive to protection of the ecological environment. If we want more people to support the environmental protection, the tour guide should be an environmentalist. Tour guides should use their rich ecological and environmental knowledge to influence and educate the visitors to tour happily through the beautiful sceneries, tourist knowledge and social responsibility.

There should be the concept of guiding the visitor to protect the nature. Designers of the tour (travel agencies and design bodies) should share clear ecological concepts and the tour leaders and guides should educate the visitors timely in protection of the environment. Selection of different tour lines will exert different

influences on the bearing capacity of the resource environment (for example, avoid the tour peak time). Therefore, travel agencies should select tourist places with conditions for ecological tours and avoid the fragile and sensitive ecological regions. The number of visitors for each team must be controlled within the acceptable scope. Effective management can be conducted more easily of the smaller tour groups and reduce the artificial affections and damages to the ecological environment.

Conclusion

Development of tourism must be based on the bearing capacity of the ecological environment and agree with the economic conditions and social morality of the tour places. Sustainable development is a guiding method for overall management of the resources for the purpose of preventing various resources from being damaged and protecting the natural and cultural resources. With the overall development of economy and tourism, the travel agencies are playing a more and more prominent role in their intermediary functions, especially their connections of the tourist places with the tourist sources. Therefore, the travel agencies should assume their due responsibility in the sustainable development of and benefit from the regional tourism so as to realize the sustainable development of both the tourist products and the images of the travel agencies.

译文

旅游景点可持续发展研究

夏普利·理查德

摘要

生态环境的可持续发展与社会经济发展息息相关，良好的生态环境既是人类赖以生存的环境和发展的源泉，同时也是旅游业发展的客观环境。目前，各地的旅游资源开发也在强调经济效益、社会效益和环境效益并重，在经济飞速发展的同时，与生态环境的矛盾冲突却不断加剧，局部地区生态环境甚至不断恶化。多年来，旅游业被视为“无烟产业”。但是旅游目的地因发展旅游业而带来的负面影响却是不争的事实。旅游目的地的可持续发展也必将成为一个重要的议题。

旅行社(组团社)是距离旅游目的地空间距离较远，但经济及信息联系最为紧密的旅游企业，直接或间接对旅游目的地的影响广泛而深远，这种影响既可以是积极的，如通过组织开展生态环境旅游吸引、引导客源地市场环境，促使旅游目的地的可持续发展；也可以是消极的，如通过短期线路设计、不良旅游活动项目引来大量旅游者对旅游目的地环境形成众多负面影响。本文从旅行社日常业务人手，探索旅行社在旅游地可持续发展中如何发挥积极作用，并抑制消极作用。

关键词：旅游区； 可持续发展； 环境保护

1 引言

旅游业的可持续发展是当今旅游界的世界性课题。旅游业的可持续发展是在全球旅游业急剧膨胀、繁荣，但危机日益暴露的现实下提出来的，并迅速被广泛接受。人们发现了许多新情况，如欧洲地中海沿 …… 此处隐藏：4570字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……