基于MEMS微型发电机的微能源系统性能测试技术研究

基于MEMS微型发电机的微能源系统

性能测试技术研究

重庆大学硕士学位论文

学生姓名：卢应强

指导教师：廖海洋 教 授

专 业：仪器科学与技术

学科门类：工 学

重庆大学光电工程学院

二O一一年六月

Research of Testing Technology for

Micro-Energy System Based on MEMS

Generator

A Thesis Submitted to Chongqing University

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement

for the Degree of Master of Engineering

By

Lu Ying-qiang

Supervised by Prof. Liao Hai-yang

Major: Instrument Science and Technology

College of Opto-electronics Engineering of

Chongqing University, Chongqing, China

June, 2011

摘 要

随着微加工技术的进步和对微型发电机研究的深入，基于MEMS微型发电机的微能源系统已经可以满足低功耗器件的供电要求。但是现有的微型发电机性能测试手段存在人工参与频繁、操作步骤多、数据记录量大等缺点，无法满足微能源系统对测试技术的要求。因此，开展微能源系统的测试技术研究，研制出相应的自动测试系统，具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。

针对MEMS微型发电机及MEMS微能源系统的研究开发对相应测试方法和测试技术及系统的迫切需求，在分析微能源系统组成结构和传统电源测试方法的基础上，提出了一种基于ARM9和单片机控制的微电源性能测试系统技术方案。设计采用S3C2440A作为主处理器，搭建了核心板的最小系统硬件接口电路。根据测试要求，设计了多路输入、动态切换的单片机控制电路并完成装调。采用面向对象的编程方法设计完成了微电源性能测试系统的图形用户界面及测试程序，编写了单片机通信、控制程序。实验表明，该系统可以测量微电源的储能状态特性和对负载供电的静态和动态特性，具有操作简单方便、界面友好、测量迅速准确等特点，满足了研究开发MEMS微型发电机及微能源系统的需要。

论文的主要研究工作是：

① 在查阅大量文献的基础上，总结了微型发电机及微能源系统性能测试的国内外研究现状，分析了微能源系统的组成结构和应用对象，提出了微电源性能测试系统的设计方案；

② 设计出测试系统的硬件结构方案，主要搭建了以ARM9为核心的嵌入式硬件顶层平台，设计了由89C52单片机控制的底层采样控制电路，实现了应用负载动态切换和超级电容器多种方式储能等测试功能；

③ 分析了测试系统的功能需求，构建了嵌入式软件平台，完成了系统功能模块设计，编写了单片机控制、通信程序，开发出满足基本功能需求的图形用户界面和测试应用程序；

④ 完成了测试系统样机的装调，对振动式微型发电机在环境激励下的特性进行了测试，并对测试结果进行了分析。

关键词：微能源系统，性能测试，测试技术，嵌入式系统，单片机

ABSTRACT

With the advances in micro-processing technology and the research on micro-generators, the micro energy systems being based on MEMS micro-generator can only satisfy the power supply requirements for low power consume components. Furthermore the current micro-generator performance testing solution has too much frequently manual intervention, too much operation steps, too much data records, which cannot meet the technical testing requirements for micro-energy system, So, It is necessary and urgent to develop micro-energy auto-testing systems being based on MEMS micro-generator to measure multi-parameter automatically. It has very important scientific meaning and practical value.

Focus on the urgent and necessary related testing solution, this technology R&D and the system itself requirement for MEMS micro-generator and micro energy systems, and on the bases of analyze micro-energy system construction structure and some traditional power test solutions, I point out a micro energy system performance testing systems technology solution based on ARM9 and. SCM control. This testing solution designs to use S3C2440A as the main processor, and build a minimum core board hardware system interface circuit. According to the test system requirements, this system has a multi-input, dynamic switched, SCM control circuit and also has well installation and commissioning. This system takes object-oriented programming, designing a micro energy system performance test systems，graph user front-page and testing program, writing SCM point to point communication and control procedures. Our experiments show that this system can measure the micro-energy systems’ energy storage and the power supply load’s static and dynamic characteristics. It is easy to operate, friendly interface, rapid and accurate measurement, which satisfy the MEMS micro-generator and micro- energy system R&D requirement.

The primary research work of this paper is:

① On the basis of consulting vast literature, summarize the domestic and international development status of micro-generator and micro energy source, analyze the structure of micro energy source and application, and advance the project of measuring system;

② Design test system hardware structure, building the platform with an embedded ARM9 core, use 89C52 on the underlying direct relay circuit of single chip

micro-computer controlling to enable load dynamically switch and super capacitor energy storage in various ways and so on;

③ Analyze the functional requirements of the test system, complete the design of the system function modules and construction of embedded software platform, program the single chip micro-computer control, communications programs, develop to meet the basic functional requirements of a graphical user interface and the test application;

④ Complete the assembling of test prototype system, test the characteristics of micro-generator under ambient vibration excitation, and finish test results for analysis.

Keywords: Micro-energy system, performance test, test technology, embedded system,

MCU

目 录

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