英语语法定语从句that which who whose

定语从句Attributive clause (I)

有关定语从句的几个概念定语从句: attributive clause先行词: antecedent 关系代词: relative pronoun 关系副词: relative adverb

引导词关系代词 who/whom which that whose as 关系副词 when where why

关系代词 who/whom which that whose

Join the following sentences into one sentence. She was not in the train. The train arrived just now. The city is a rather modern 关系词的作用 ???? one. I live in the city. 1、连接作用：引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；

She was not in the train which/that arrived just now.

The city which/ that I live in is a rather modern one. 2 、替代作用：在从句中 替代在它前面的先行词； That’s the new machine.

Its parts are too small to be seen. 成分; 3、成分作用：在从句中总是充当一个句子That’s the new machine whose parts are too small to be seen.

Join the following sentences into one sentence. The boy is called Jack. He broke the window. This is the girl. He worked with her in the office.

The boy who/ that broke the window is called Jack.

This is the girl who/ whom/ that he worked with in the office.

The girl is staying at home today. Her mother is ill.

The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.

1.I met a boy. He can speak three languages. I met a boy who/that can speak three languages. 2. Anna was wearing a hat. It was too big for her. Anna was wearing a hat which/that was too big for her. 3. A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that / which can fly. 4. We saw some people. Their car had broken down. We saw some people whose car had broken down.

补充

that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般多用that而不用which。 (1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定 代词时或先行词被all, every, no, any, little, much等修饰时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.

I’ve read all the books that are not mine.

(2)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first English novel that my students have ever read.

This is the best film that the little boy has ever seen (3)先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰。

This is the only thing that his mother can do for him.

(4)Who is the man that is standing over there? Which is the book that you want to borrow?

(5) 先行词同时指人和指物时 We talked about the things and persons that we saw then.

(6) 当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时， He is no longer the man that he used to be.

定语从句解题步骤: 1.找主句: 完整 2.先行词:3. 将先行词代入到从句当中，判断其 在从句中的成分，选用合适的关系 词来替代先行词

关键是:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分

Exercises

关系代词填空并判断是否可省略:1.The man(that/ _______

_______ who/ whom)I talked with is our teacher. 2.A person _______________ steals things is that/ who called a thief. 3. The man(that/ _______________ who/ whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li. 4.These are the trees that/ __________ which were planted last year. 5. This recorder (that/ __________ which)he is using is made in Japan.

6. Do you know the boy __________ father whose is an engineer? 7. I have just read a new novel _________ whose writer is well known as a scientist. whose + n= the +n+ of which/whom = of which/whom +the +nDo you know the boy the father of whom is an engineer? (of whom the father)

8. I have just read a new novel the writer of which ___________ I have never heard of before.

填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? ________ (whom/ that ) I saw yesterday? ____________ whose car broke down on the way? _______