大学英语词汇星火式巧记速记(1~6+级)word文件格式(5)

account n.账,账户:accounts department 财务部2.说明,叙述vi.说明(原因等)

account for 说明(原因等):his illness accounts for his absence from school.他因生病未能去上学. take into account 考虑:we must take all possibilities into account.我们必须考虑所有的可能性.

on account of 因为,由于:he was absent from school on account of illness. 他因生病未能去上学.

accountant n.会计(人员) accounting n.会计(学) counter n.柜台2.计数器

discount [dis-不+count 算]不了n.1.折扣vt.1.打折扣2.漠视,不考虑

译:他以九折的价钱买了这房子.

误:he bought the house at a 90% discount.

正:he bought the house at a 10% discount.

注:discount 指某物减价出售时所减去的那个百分比.中文“折扣”意为扣除所减之百分比后余下的

那个百分比.换言之,中文说九折,英文是10%discount; 照此类推,八折,即英文的20% discount. dispute [dis-分离+pute 考虑;想法不一,各持己见] vi./n.争论:dispute with sb. about/over sth.就某事与

某人争论.

辨异:debate, argue, dispute, quarrel

debate 原义舌战,因此,debate 着重双方各自陈述理由,交锋意味较强.

dispute 原义“think apart”,因此,着着就分歧进行热烈的争论,相持不下或未得到解决的意味较强.

很好的英语词汇速记法

argue vi,争论,争辩:argue with sb. about/on sth.与 争论 vt.论证,主张+that clause2.说服:argue sb.

into/out of 说服 做/不做

辨异:both argue and quarrel can mean “to have an unpleasant disagreement in which people feel angry”

:Jack and Jill argued /quarreled about who should get the money, and stopped speaking to each other.

however you can also argue with someone (have a discussion in which there are differences of opinion)

without feeling angry: Jill and I often have a drink together and argue about modern art. deputy n.代理人,代表2.副职,副手

搭配:

a deputy for sb.某人的代理a deputy to (组织,机构的等) 的代表

误:a deputy of the congress 正:a deputy to the congress

搭配类例:china’s representatives to the United Nations (中国驻联合国的代表)

辨异:中文里的副字在英文中通常有4 个对应词,这四个词一般来说不能互相替换.vice 与president,

chairman, governor 等职务搭配;associate 最常见于associate professor; under 见于under secretary(在美

国为副部长,日本为次长);另一个是deputy,大约相当于我们的第一副职,即正职不在的情况下代理正

职的副职.

辨异:reputation 可指好名声,亦可指坏名声,旨调人们心目中的印象.fame 仅指好名声,强调较高的知

名度.he has a reputation for greediness. 他贪婪出名.Charles achieved great fame as an aviator.查尔斯作

为一名飞行员出了名.

viscount [注意发音vaikaunt][VIS-副,次] n.子爵

country n.国家乡下,农村countryside n.农村,乡下

译:我宁愿住在乡下而不愿住在城市

误:i prefer living in the countryside to being in the town.

正:i prefer living in the country to being in the town.

注:在强调区别于城市或城镇的乡村时用the country; 泛指一切乡村时用the countrside.如:the countryside is the most beautiful at this time.此时农村景色最美.

encounter vt./n.遭遇/遇到: to encounter opposition 遭到反对/to have an encounter with a snake 遇到一

条蛇

辨异:与meet 不同,encounter 常表示:1.meat sth. bad, esp. a danger or difficulty; 2.meet with, meet

unexpectedly

I’m going to meet(not encounter )a friend this afternoon.

I encountered (or met) a friend of mine on the street this afternoon.

contradict [contra=against+dict=speak] VT.反驳,否认 的真实性2.与 相矛盾

译:自相矛盾:

很好的英语词汇速记法

误:contradict with oneself

正:contradict oneself

注:contradict 与marry(与 结婚)等一样是及物动词,后不能再用多余的介词with

contrast [contra=against+st=stand 对立] v. n. 对比,对照:present a sharp contrast to 与 形成鲜明的

对比vi.(with)形成对比,对比之下显出区别

to contrast with 把 与 相对比

to contrast with 形成对比,对比之下显出区别

in contrast with 与 成对比

辨异:on the contrary, in contrast:

1. on the contrary 用于否定某一个陈述: “it’s cold.” “on the contrary, it’s hot”

2. in contrast 用于两件对立的事实,指出其实的差异处: it was cold yesterday, but in contrast it’s very

hot today.昨天很冷,但相反地,今天很热.

controversial a.引起争议的,有争议的.

in the course of 在 过程中,在 期间

fossils were found in the course of the work,在工作中发现了化石.

the new harbor is in course of construction.新码头正在兴建中.

注:

duke 公爵＞marquis 侯爵＞earl 伯爵＞viscount 子爵＞baron 男爵

in course of =in process of 正在;

in the course of =during or before the end of 在 中,在 时间之内.

intercourse [inter-在 之间+course 行,流;彼此间的来往] n.交往,交际,交流: commercial intercourse

with Japan 与日本的通商.

excursion n.短途旅行,游览,远足: this spring holiday, our class took an excursion to Jiaxing by train.今

年春假,我们班级一起坐火车到嘉兴去春游.

incur [in-向内+cur 跑] vt.招致,惹起,遭受:incur hatred 招来冤恨/incur danger 遭受危险.

occur [oc-to+cur 跑,跑来-来临-发生]vi. 发生;出现;存在=exist: misprints occur on every page.每页上都

有印刷错误.2.[跑到脑海中来](to)被想起,被想到

辨异: occurrence 可指意外或计划中发生的事件,事情; happening, 也可指日常或普通家庭中的事

情.Getting up is an everyday occurrence (not happening)

recur [re-again] vi. 再发生,重现:if the pain recurs ,take the tablet./the memory of the accident often

recurs to me.

court n.庭院1.朝廷2.法庭,法院3.球场courtiers n.朝臣

go to court 进宫, 上朝

crack n.裂缝,裂口vi.爆裂,破裂vt.使破裂

try to crack the walnut without breaking the kernel.把核桃砸开,但不要把核仁砸碎了. clash vi/n.金属的撞击2.刺耳的撞击声3.冲突,不协调

the two armies clashed on the border.两军在边境交锋.

很好的英语词汇速记法

a border clash 边境冲突

our ideas clashed with theirs. 我们的意见和他们的不合.

a clash of ideas 意见不合.

crash v./n. 碰撞2.坠落,坠毁: the dishes crashed to the floor.盘子哗啦啦坠地而碎.

辨异: crash 和cla …… 此处隐藏：4268字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……