高考英语阅读理解解题技巧(4)

【2010全国II】A篇 When I was six, Dad brought home a dog one day, who was called “Brownie”, My brothers and I all loved Brownie and did different things with her. One of us would walk her, another would feed her ,then there were baths, playing catch and many other games .Brownie, in return, loved each and every one of us. One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them. We always felt better when she was around.

41. What would Brownie do when someone was ill in the family?

A. Look at them sadly. B. Keep them company.

C. Play games with them. D. Touch them gently.

这里原文中的sick 被转换成了题干中的ill。

【2010广东】A篇

When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English.

Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.

41. Why was the author’s mother poorly served?

A. She was unable to speak good English.

B. She was often misunderstood. C. She was not clearly heard.

D. She was not very polite.

我们发现原文中的treated unfairly 与题干中的 poorly served 意义相近，因此在浏览文章的时候就能够注意到treated unfairly ，并在这个定位词附近寻找正确答案。

【2010江苏】D篇

But the key issue is really money．China is already spending hundreds of billions of yuan on domestic railway expansion．

68．According to the passage，the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan

A．technical issues B．safety of the system

C．financial problems D．maintenance of railway tracks

这里文章中的名词词组 key issue 转换成了题干中的 greatest challenge, 意义相近.

3.排除法

排除法是解答阅读理解题的另一个重要的方法。因为有的时候如果是给填空题让我们做，我们也许不能填出正确答案，但是如果给出四个选项让我们选的话，我们可以通过对比排除错误选项。那么怎样通过排除法做题呢？

（1）正确选项的特征

正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。

【2010江苏】68. According to the passage, the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan is

A. technical issues B. safety of the system

C. financial problems D. maintenance of railway tracks 我们在原文中发现了定位词greatest challenge 的转化形式 key issue。 原文是这样的But the key issue is money. 我们知道遇到转折连词时我们重点要看的是转折连词的后半部分，本题的正确答案实际上是money 的转换形式。所以我们可以选择本题的正确答案C。 光了解了正确选项特点还不够，我们更需要知道错误选项为什么是错误的，这样才能够洞察出题者的出题意图，规避有意给我们设置的陷阱。那么干扰项究竟有哪些特点呢？

（2）错误选项的特征

a．张冠李戴：把A事物的特点说成是B事物的，企图混淆视听。

【2010江苏】A篇

Other early surnames came· from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter —a person who made pots and pans.

57. According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _______.

A. owned or drove a cart B. made things with metals

C. made kitchen tools or contains D. built houses and furniture

B选项是指Smith 这个姓氏而不是Potter，根据定位词所指示的句子，我们发现Potter 是指生产壶和罐等厨房用具的职业，所以选择C选项。虽然这些器具都是金属的，但是以生产金属制品为特点更确切的是Smith。

b.断章取义：抓住一个字眼或细节做文章，对作者本意歪曲的理解。

c.过度猜测：文中并没有出现和选项一致的直接信息，选项对文意进行了不切实际的过度猜测。

实战演练：

例一：【2010山东】C篇

Rae Armantrout, who has been a poetry professor at the University of California San

Diego(UCSD) for two decades, has won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize in the poetry category for her most recent book, “Versed”.

“I’m delighted and amazed at how much media recognition that the Pulitzer brings, as compared to even the National Book Critics Award, which I was also surprised and delighted to win,” said Armantrout.

“For a long time, my writing has been just below the media radar, and to have this kind of attention, suddenly, with my 10th book, is really surprising.”

Armantrout, a native Californian, received her bachelor’s degree at UC Berkeley, where she studied with noted poet Denise Levertov, and her master’s in creative writing from San Francisco State University. She is a founding member of Language Poets, a group in American poetry that analyzes the way language is used and raises questions to make the reader think.

In March, she won the National Book Critics Circle Award for “Versed.”

“This book has gotten more attention,” Armantrout said, “but I don’t feel as if it’s better.” The first half of “Versed” focuses on the dark forces taking hold of the United States as it fought the war against Iraq. The second half looks at the dark forces casting a shadow over her

own life after Armantrout was diagnosed with cancer in 2006.

Armantrout was shocked to learn she had won the Pulitzer but many of her colleagues were not. “Rae Armantrout is a unique voice in American poetry,” said Seth Lerer, head of Arts and Humanities at UCSD.

“Versed”, published by the Wesleyan University Press, did appear in a larger printing than her earlier works, which is about 2,700 copies. The new edition is scheduled to appear in May.

66. According to Rae Armantrout, ____________.

A. her 10th book is much better

B. her winning the Pulitzer is unexpected

C. the media is surpr …… 此处隐藏：4705字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……