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B. Reference version:

1. The richer life experience we have, and the more people from all walks of life we know, we will develop more extensive and flexible knowledge of different English styles and the ability to use each style appropriately when the occasion arises.

2. If we do not know when to use each style appropriately, or if we confuse one style with another inappropriately, an unsystematic and casual knowledge of styles is of no use, or even worse.

3. Neither ¡°bags of fun¡± nor ¡°extremely gracious¡± in its suitable context is a careless / casual expression of one's ideas.

4. It would, however, also be absurd / foolish to turn the judgment completely the other way round.

K 2ª²35. Except in cases where they are used to achieve humorous effect, contemporary writers think that euphemisms are too disgusting, artificial and pretentious.

6. Supporing the argument made by using the outdated and stereotyped phrases that are often used by trade union leaders would be as easy as shooting birds that never fly away.

7. Some euphemisms are unusual enough to be funny. They are so unusual that they become quite funny.

8. Some people may also like extreme understatement.

TEXT ¢ò

Comprehension

1. C2. C3. A4. B5. B6. C

TEXT ¢ó

Comprehension

1. F (The euphemistic term for ¡°dustmen¡± in the U.S. simply sounds more prosperous.)

2. T

3. F (He is put in prison, but the name for prison is ¡°adjustment centre¡±.)

4. F (There are, but the term ¡°poor people¡± has been replaced by the euphemism: the ¡°underprivileged.¡±)

5. F (There are more euphemisms in English than in many other languages.)

GUIDED WRITING

Sentence Combination

Reference version:

Proverbs, probably as old as our civilization, form an important part of our heritage. Children can learn basic lessons from them. For example, they may learn thrift by hearing a parent or grandparent say, ¡°Waste not, want not.¡± Young people tempted to be dishonest are often able to resist the temptation by recalling ¡°Honesty is the best policy¡±. Or persons faced with difficult tasks will be encouraged to persevere by keeping in mind that ¡°Little strokes fell great oaks¡±. And

many tense situations are improved when one person or another remembers that ¡°A soft answer turns away wrath¡±, or that ¡°Two cannot quarrel if one won't¡±.

K 2ª²4Proverbs are found in almost every language in the world, whether the language is written or not. In fact, where the language has not been written, proverbs are one of the principal ways the people pass down their philosophy of life from one generation to another, thus preserving their most precious heritage.

COMPREHENSIVE EXERCISES

¢ñ. Spelling

1. drift2. perspective3. significantly4. Danish

5. ordinary6. variety7. desirable8. isolation

9. nineteenth10. linguist11. negotiate12. satisfactory

¢ò. Dictation

One day over lunch in a Chinese restaurant I heard somebody say ¡°Take what you've got and never want more.¡± I called the Chinese Embassy and asked the young lady who answered exactly what that meant. Did they really have such a proverb? She replied that it was indeed an old Chinese proverb, and similar in meaning to our ¡°A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush¡±. I told her I was so glad that we had something in common and thanked her.

It was then that I decided to find out if the rest of the world had this proverb in common with us. I had no trouble in my quest as far as the Spanish Embassy was concerned. When I asked for the Spanish version of ¡°A bird, etc.¡±, the bright but highly amused young woman came up immediately with, ¡°Better to have one in hand than a hundred flying¡±.

¢ó. Listening Comprehension

A. 1. F (Not everyone laughs at the same things. What is funny to an Italian may not be funny to a Chinese.)

2. F (The American says that the Empire State Building was built in only two months in order to boast that things can be done incredibly fast in his country.)

3. F (He sometimes laughs when we make mistakes because we sound funny.)

4. F (A wise person laughs at himself or herself when he or she makes a mistake.)

5. T

6. T¢ô. Translation

A. 1. An unknown disease affected his brain so badly that he lost his memory completely.

2. The protesting crowds outside the courthouse had no effect at all on the judges and the jury of this Pacific island country.

3. A guilty man apprehends danger in every sound.

K 2ª²54. Her soft voice and gracious smile put everyone in the room at ease.

5. Not until you have a good command of a scale of styles can you speak English appropriately in different situations.

6. His haphazard knowledge of modern economics was one of the reasons why he failed in his business.

7. The new general manager did not feel very comfortable with the way he was addressed by his

colleagues in the company.

8. No matter how hard he had tried, his efforts to improve his image in the mind of the public proved to be ineffective.

9. It was the last thing that occurred to the commander that his soldiers would defy£¯disobey his orders.

10. Although the composition teacher considers these expressions nothing but cliches, they appeal very much to the students.

B. Reference version:

We should always bear in mind that in different circumstances we use the English language in different ways. This fact, however, is often forgotten. When we think about language, we too often think only of the more formal forms, especially the written forms. But we are not always reading and writing. We use slang, or at least colloquial forms, with friends and acquaintances. In certain social situations, we use clichés that we would pro ¡­¡­ ´Ë´¦Òþ²Ø£º5521×Ö£¬È«²¿ÎĵµÄÚÈÝÇëÏÂÔغó²é¿´¡£Ï²»¶¾ÍÏÂÔØ°É ¡­¡­