2018-2019学年甘肃省兰州市一中高一3月月考英语试卷

2018-2019学年甘肃省兰州市一中高一3月月考英语试卷

第I卷

第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共10 小题；每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

A

Electric Shock

Injuries caused by electric shock are fairly common. When a person has received an electric shock，no one should go near him/her until the current has been turned off.

If a shock occurring at work or at home causes someone to lose consciousness（知觉）, electrical connection must be broken before anyone tries to give assistance. You should either turn off the switch at the mains or，if that is not possible，push the person away with a dry piece of wood.

Treatment of Shock

Look out for signs of shock. People who have been injured or who may have lost a lot of blood, or those who have had heart attacks, may be in deep shock. The signs to look for are faintness, paleness, a moist，sticky skin, shallow, rapid breathing and a fast but weak heartbeat.

Shock can prove fatal, and it is essential to do something to prevent its developing. The best way to treat or prevent shock is to keep the patient lying down , better with the legs higher than the head；if possible，raise the lower part of the body on a rolled-up packet or similar object. Make the patient as comfortable as possible，loosening any tight clothing，and comfort him/her because fright increases the effects of shock.

1．What would happen if you didn’t turn off the current when you had to treat an unconscious person who had just received an electric shock?

A. He would regain his consciousness soon.

B. He would die soon.

C. Electrical connection would be broken.

D. You would be in danger of getting the shock yourself.

Match the pictures with the passages.

2．

A．Picture 2. Electric Shock; Picture 3. Treatment of Shock

B. Picture 1. Electric Shock; Picture 4. Treatment of Shock

C．Picture 4. Electric Shock; Picture 2. Treatment of Shock

D．Picture 3. Electric Shock; Picture 1. Treatment of Shock

B

Michael Faraday was the son of a blacksmith. There were four children in his family and，with his father often ill and unable to work，Michael Faraday had to earn his living from an early age. This meant little or no schooling. However，the family belonged to a religious group，and Faraday learnt to read and write at Sunday School.

When he was only fourteen，Faraday found a job as a bookbinder（装订工）.He used to read the books he was given to bind and he became very interested in the scientific books，particularly the ones about electricity. His interest soon took a practical path and he began conducting his own experiments. These were very basic because Faraday had to make all of his equipment himself. However，he was very careful and kept a clear written record of all his findings.

One day he was given an entrance ticket to the Royal Institute chemistry lecture，given by Humphry Davy. Determined to work for this great scientist，he sent Davy a job application and included his laboratory reports on the experiments he had carried out. In 1813 Davy offered Faraday a job as one of his laboratory assistants. Faraday learnt quickly and soon was recognized as a very able analytical chemist. Later he went to work at the Royal Institute.

Michael Faraday was，perhaps，the greatest practical scientist of the 19th century. As a chemist，he discovered the benzene（苯），which is now the focal point of chemical study. He also proved the relationship between electricity and chemical bonding（化学键合）.As a physicist，he invented the dynamo，which led to the later invention of the electric motor. He also discovered the effect of magnetism（磁）on light rays.

3．Why did Faraday attend Sunday School?

A．He had to work for a bookbinder at weekdays.

B．He hoped to read many of the scientific books there.

C．He would like to learn religious knowledge.

D．His family couldn't afford his normal school education.

4．When working as a bookbinder，Faraday ______.

A．published his great findings on electricity

B．made his own equipment for his experiments

C．read many books by Humphry Davy

D．gained his fame as a practical scientist

5．In order to get a chance to work for Davy，Faraday ______.

A．bought tickets to attend Davy's lecture

B．sent his experiment reports to Davy

C．went to the Royal Institute to visit Davy

D．offered to do laboratory work for free

6．Which of the following is the right order of Faraday's life?

a．A laboratory assistant.

b．A student of Sunday School.

c．A bookbinder.

d．An analytical chemist.

A．abcd B．bcda

C．bcad D．cbad

C

Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance. It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected. When alcohol is consumed，it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant (抑制药)，damaging eyesight，judgment and coordination(协调)，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents. Even below the drink driving limit，driving will be affected.

Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain. Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice. To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.

The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is：.50 milligrams of alcohol per 100 ml of blood；or

.22 micrograms of alcohol per 100 ml of breath；or

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