上海牛津初三英语复习,动词时态,改写句子专练,04年中考试卷精讲-

上海牛津初三英语复习,动词时态,改写句子专练,04年中考试卷精讲-英语

Presentation (1) – 动词复习

动词是表示人或事物的动作、存在、变化的词。

分析95年至今的中考题不难发现，动词部分主要考察学生对主动结构中各个时态的运用。

二. 基础知识梳理

★动词的种类

根据其词义和其在谓语中的作用可分为实义动词、助动词和情态动词。根据其在句子中的功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词，连系动词介于两者之间。

实义动词：意义完全，能独立用作谓语。如：enable, watch, run, open等。

连系动词：是一个表示谓语关系的动词。它必须在后面接表语（通常为名词或形容词）。如：seem, look, smell, taste, sound, get, become, turn, be 等。

情态动词：词义不完全。在句中不能单独作谓语，只能与实义动词一起构成谓语。如：can, may, must, need, ought to 等。

上海牛津初三英语复习,动词时态,改写句子专练,04年中考试卷精讲-英语

★动词的被动语态

英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着。只有及物动词才有被动语态。它的基本结构为：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词。所有的时态变化在助动词be 上。

上海牛津初三英语复习,动词时态,改写句子专练,04年中考试卷精讲-英语

动词的不定式是不受主语、人称以及时态、语态影响的形式。其基本形式为：to + 动词原形。它在句中可以充当除谓语以外的一切成份。

不定式作主语

不定式可在句中作主语。在绝大部分情况下用it 作形式主语，不定式放在后面。 It is … to do sth …/ it takes sb.+time + to do sth./ it is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth./ it is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth.

不定式作宾语 有些动词后面只能跟不定式作宾语。初中阶段常见的有agree, apply, afford, choose, dare, decide, determine, expect, manage, offer, pretend, prepare, refuse, want. 如：decide to do, manage to do, pretend to do.

有些动词后面要用动词 + 形式宾语 + 补足语 + 不定式。

初中阶段常见的有：feel, find, make, think. 如：make it important, find it interesting, feel it easy, think it impossible.

有些动词后面要用动词 + 宾语 + 不定式。

初中阶段常见的有：allow, ask, expect, invite, order, persuade, teach, tell, want, would like. 如：allow sb. to do sth. , ask sb. to do sth. ,want sb. to do sth.

省略to 的不定式 在一些表示感官，使役意义的动词后的不定式要省略to 。如：see, watch, notice, hear, listen to, let, make, have.

一些固定短语后面的不定式要省略to 。如：had better do … , would rather do … 。

动词接不定式作宾语与接动名词作宾语的区别

在一些表示感官的动词后（see, watch, notice, hear, listen to ）用不定式表示完成的动作或经常发生的动作，而用动名词则表示一个正在进行的动作。

有些动词后面跟不定式作宾语表示动作还没有发生，跟动名词则表示动作已发生。如：remember, forget, stop等。

★动名词

动名词具有名词的功能，在句子中可充当主语、宾语和表语。

有些动词后面只能跟动名词作宾语。如：avoid, admit, deny, enjoy, finish, keep, mind, practice, risk.

一些固定短语中。如：be busy , be worth , can’t help .

一些以介词结尾的动词短语。如：give up , be afraid of , be used to , pay attention to , look forward to .

在一些固定句型中。如：it’s a waste of time doing … , it’s no use doing … 。

上海牛津初三英语复习,动词时态,改写句子专练,04年中考试卷精讲-英语

Focused Practice (1) – 动词

一、动词时态专练

I 客观规律、自然现象、风俗习惯和经常反复发生的动作（用现在时）

1. The moon_____________ (get) its light from the sun.

2. We usually_____________ (have) four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon.

3. Children _____________ (like) watching cartoon. 4. Students_____________ (have) ten minutes’ rest between classes.

Key:

I 1. gets 2. have 3. like 4. have

II 祈使句

1. _____________( not throw) paper on the ground.

2. ―Tom, ____________ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a small boy,‖ said Mum. A. not be B. not to be C. be not D. don’t be

Key:

II 1. Don’t throw 2. D

III 宾语从句中的时态

1. The foreigner said he_____________ (visit) Pudong New Area soon.

2. He told us that he_____________ (make) quite a few good friends there. The newspaper said

more good teachers_____________ (send) to Yunnan sometime next year.

3. He was surprised to see that Shanghai__________ (change) a lot. He said he_____________

(spend) the rest of his life here.

4. It’s rather hot today, but the weather report says the temperature_____________ (fall) to 28℃ tomorrow.

5. He was told there_____________(not be) any flights to Singapore in the following three days

because of the bad weather.

Key: III 1. would visit 2. had made, would be sent 3. had changed, would spend

4. will fall 5. would not be

IV 对话

1. A: Where is your monitor?

B: He____________ (make) a model ship in the classroom.

2. A: _____________ the twins_____________ (return) yet?

B: Yes. They_____________ (have) a rest in the room now.

3. A: Where are Dongdong and Fangfang？

B: They_____________ (get) their things ready in the room. They_____________ (move) into

a new flat next week.

4. A: Where _____________ (be) the Browns?

B: They_____________ (go) to Canada for holidays.

A: When_____________ they _____________ (come) back?

B: In a month.

Key: IV 1. is making 2. Have…returned, are having 3. are getting, will move

4.are, have gone, will…come

V 有时间状语、或上下文填空

1. What subject_____________ you_____________ (study) next term?

2. The train_____________ (not stop) yet. You’d better not go out.

上海牛津初三英语复习,动词时态,改写句子专练,04年中考试卷精讲-英语

3. The Class Four students_____________ (listen) to a lecture about UFOs this time yesterday.

4. Tongtong _____________ (show) his uncle around the new neighborhood last Monday.

5. Don’t shout. Our teachers_____________ (have) an important meeting in the next room.

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