研究生科技英语阅读答案(11)

gain weight while others are not, due to genetics. Scientists are unclear as to how much of a role genetics plays in how chubby you are, but estimates range from as low as 20 percent to as high as 90 percent.

8. The adenovirus-36 is a fascinating cause of obesity, where does it come from? How does it work?

The adenovirus-36 comes from the family of common viruses that causes colds, pneumonia, diarrhea, and pinkeye and is present in 30 percent of obese people and 5 percent of non-obese people. Scientists found that when human stem cells are exposed to adenovirus-36, they turn into fat cells.

9. Often, hard-to-budge weight is a symptom of a hidden medical problem, and what sort of diseases might be there?

If you stay fat and fail to get your hard-to-budge weight under control, you could have hypothyroidism, a condition that slows down your metabolism and makes it tough to lose weight, or Cushing's disease, characterized by high levels of the hormone cortisol in the blood. A glut of cortisol triggers weight gain, mostly in the trunk and face. Some women have polycystic ovary syndrome, a treatable condition that involves a hormone imbalance.

10. How do you like the lanuage of this text?

The author is skilled at making some medical terms eaisly understood by providing more explanation for us readers, and the language used in this text is humours which can be seen in the following sentences: Sufferers don't just munch on a few potato chips, they inhale the whole bag; our genes and hormones may be conspiring to makes us eat more; to name just a few.

II. Vocabulary

1. spooked 2. smother 3. ravenous 4. suppress 5. mess with 6. skimp on 7. chronically 8. panned out 9. wind up with 10. is inclined to 11. thrifty 12. symptom 13. a glut of 14. trigger 15. inhale

III. Translation 1.

(1) clichéd-but-true answer 老生常谈但又真实的答案 burn it off with enough exercise 足够的运动消耗它 overpowers our reason 战胜了我们的理智 a powerful driver of behavior 强大的推动力 governs metabolism 控制新陈代谢

messing with these hunger hormones 干扰了这些饥饿激素 survive frequent famines 渡过频繁发生的饥荒 a vaccine to prevent obesity 防止肥胖疫苗 throw up our hands and say 投降说

chronically sleep-deprived 长期缺觉

(2) 众所周知，肥胖有害健康。人们常说，肥胖会引发各种各样的内科疾病：胆固醇过高，胰岛素抵抗，还很可能患糖尿病和心脏病。不过，德州大学西南医疗中心的科学家们提出了不同意见。他们在《内分泌学与新陈代谢新动向》杂志中提出：其实，肥胖可以使人们免遭上述疾病困扰。

这些科学家并未否认人们吃的太多，尤其是吃了太多高热量的食品。那些―奢侈品‖以前只供王室享用；而现在，这些东西随处可见，人人买得起，肥胖在所难免。人体将脂肪储藏在脂肪组织中，肥胖就这么来了。不过，这恰好保护了人体其他器官。 …… 此处隐藏：455字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……