四六级阅读理解(7)

吃透意思, 并以此为根据, 进行分析和推理。然后, 再逐个考虑选择项, 选出答案。如果需要进行推理判断的内容涉及全文, 则必须在理解通篇中心思想、掌握全文逻辑发展过程的基础上, 才能进行正确的推理判断。 例2： Like other opinions about the situation, Burke's predictably, and sensibly, forecasts a rise in unemployment among the young. 从此句我们可以看出：1）说话者同意Burke的关于年轻人失业现象要增多的看法（根据predictably, and sensibly）；2）Burke不是唯一持这种看法的人（根据like other opinions...）。 例3：Directions: Read the following passage and choose the statement (s) which can definitely be inferred In 1980, Canada announced strict additional limits on ownership of energy companies by foreign institutions and individuals. Since these may no longer own more than 50 percent of such companies, sources of capital for these corporations are now sharply restricted. A) Before 1980, foreigners were allowed to own a majority of shares in Canadian energy companies. B) Canada's 1980 limitations on energy-company ownership have caused some problems for these enterprises. C) After 1980, foreigners may not own a majority share in a Canadian company. D) Before 1980, there were no limitations of foreign individuals owning Canadian energy companies. 选择项A符合题意, 因为文中谈到这一限制是1980年宣布的, 据此可以推断1980年前尚无此规定。选择项B也符合题意, 因文中谈到这些企业资金来源将受到限制, 据此可以推断该限制将会给这些企业带来问题。C项不符合题意, 因文中指的是energy companies, 而不是所有的公司。D项也不符合题意, 因为文中谈到1980年宣布的是additional limits, 据此可以推断在此以前已有其它限制。 三、预测 根据上文中已出现的语言信息, 预测下文即将出现的信息, 这也是我们必须掌握的一项阅读技能。例如, 当我们读到Though progress on the subway has not actually stopped. . . (虽然修建地铁的工程尚未完全停止……)。我们根据Though所引出的让步状语从句的意义, 应能推测到Something is wrong with the project. (修建工程出了问题.); 同时从not actually中推测到progress on the subject has almost stopped. (工程几乎已经停止了。) 据此预测, 下文可能会出现it is likely that the completion of the project will be delayed (这项工程的竣工很可能要推迟), 却不可能出现the project will be completed ahead of time (工程将提前完成)。 若下文与预测一致或基本一致, 则证明自己对上文理解正确, 可以继续阅读; 若不一致, 则说明对已读信息的理解有偏差, 或这里有特殊含义, 需要调整自己的思路, 或应给予特别的注意。 通常, 我们可以借助于语法结构、常用句型进行预测; 通过标题或主题句进行预测; 结合自己的背景知识进行预测; 根据语篇标志的提示词或者连接上下文的承接手段(Transitional Devices)来进行预测等等。 同样, 我们也可根据所给的某一段文章的内容, 来推测上文讨论的是什么话题, 或已经谈到过什么事情。以 \progress on the subway has not actually stopped, it is likely that the comp1etion of the project will be delayed.\为例。根据该句所提供的信息, 我们可以推测到上文讨论的内容可能是\hampered the project.\罢工已经严重影响了工程的进展); 而不可能是 \give his men a pay rise.\老板同意给工人增加工资。) 例5：1995年6月的四级试卷第31题 We can infer from the passage that _____ A) English people, like most people in other countries, dislike living in flats. B) People in most countries of the world today are not opposed to living in flats. C) People in Britain are forced to move into high blocks of flats D) Modern flats still fail to provide the necessary facilities for living 本题考核学生根据上下文进行推断的能力。文章中说英国人在住房间题上与当今世界上许多国家的居民有着不同的看法, 他们反对住高层公寓, 文章中还列举了许多理由说明这一点, 而且指出这种习惯很难改变。既然英国人与许多国家的居民不同, 反对住高层公寓, 那么世界上许多国家的居民便是不反对住高层公寓, 因此正确的答案是选项B。可是只有大约26％的考生答对了本题,大部分人只注意个别句子的意思, 未能理解文章中隐含的意义. 四. 练习 The word \节俭)meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourse1ves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of

them, even until very recently, had this foo1ish idea that the treasures were \

\and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a 1iving body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or 1ater be harmful to a11 the others. Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the schoo1 work; scientific forestry was a new idea：timber was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and river f1oods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-term climatic cycles in relation to proper 1and use; even the word \day. For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyone's daily life. To know about the water table(地下水位) in the ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and river must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of man's fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can. Question: It can be inferred from the third paragraph that earlier generations didn't realize _____. A ) the interdependence of water, soil and living things B) the importance of the proper use of land C) the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floods D) the value of the beauty of nature 这个问题的答案是A。在文章中并不能找到the

interdependence of water, soil and living things。我们在第一 …… 此处隐藏：7463字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……