英语词汇学历年试题(7)

49. Determine the meaning of the italicized word in the following sentence and then make some alternation in the context so as to pin down the meaning.

50. How do you understand the following sentence : ?Without clear context, the reference canbe very confusing ‘? Key to exercises : I. 1.B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. C 13.A 14. A 15.

A

II. 16. content 17. elevation , narrowing 18. grammatical context 19. cultural background 21. homonymy

III. 21.D 22.H 23. A 24. K 25. I 26. G 27. F 28. E 29. C 30. B

IV.31. Antonymy 32. Synonymy 33. Example 34. Transfer of sensations 35. Explanation 36.

Definition 37. Transfer of abstract and concrete sense 38. Relevant details 39. Word structure 40. Hyponymy V. –VI. (See the course book ) VI. 49. (1) The meaning of hard in the sentence is not very clear . In this context it can mean both

?hardworking‘ and ?difficult‘ . The context fails to narrow down the meaning so that it is difficult for the reader to decide what the speaker exactly means.

(2) The sentence can be extended as ?He is a hard businessman to deal with‘.

50. This sentence shows one of the functions of context , that is a clear indication of

Chapter 9 English Idioms (练习7 )

I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.

1. Jack of all trades is an idiom ________.

A. nominal in nature B. adjectival in nature C. verbal in nature D. adverbial in nature 2. Let the dog see the rabbit is an idiom ________.

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A. nominal in nature B. adjectival in nature C. verbal in nature D. adverbial in nature 3. How are you is a(n) __________.

A. idiom nominal in nature B. idiom verbal in nature B. idiom adjective in nature D. sentence idiom 4. tooth and nail is an idiom ________.

A. nominal in nature B. adjectival in nature C. verbal in nature D. adverbial in nature 5. Beyond the pale is an idiom _________.

A. nominal in nature B. adjectival in nature C. verbal in nature D. adverbial in nature 6. Play fast and loose shows the feature of ________.

A. repetition B. reiteration C. juxtaposition D. rhyme 7. Spend money like water is an example of _________.

A． metaphor B. simile C. metonymy D. synecdoche 8. The salt of the earth is an example of _______.

A. simile B. metaphor C. metonymy D. synecdoche 9. From cradle to grave is an example of _________.

A. simile B. metaphor C. synecdoche D. metonymy 10. Fall into good hands is an example of _________. A. simile B. metaphor C. synecdoche D. metonymy 11. The pot calls the cattle black is an example of _______.

A. metaphor B. personification C. synecdoche D. euphemism 12. Powder one’s nose is an example of _________.

A. personification B. euphemism C. synecdoche D. hyperbold 13. A world of trouble is an example of ________.

A. euphemism B. personification C. hyperbole D. metonymy 14. Chop and change shows the feature of __________.

A. rhyme B. repetition C. reiteration D. repetition 15. By hook and by crook is an example of ________.

A. alliteration B. rhyme C. reiteration D. repetition

II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. 16. In a broad sense , idioms may include colloquialisms, _____, slang expressions, proverbs, etc.

17. As far as sentence types are concerned, they embrace declarative, interrogative, ________and exclamative

sentences.

18. In terms of complexity they can be further divided into simple, compound and _____ sentences. 19. Apart from the stylistic features , idioms manifest apparent rhetorical coloring in such respects as of

phonetic manipulation, lexical manipulation and ______.

20. When idioms are used in actual context, they do experience _______changes such as different forms of

verbs, agreement of personal pronouns and number and so on.

III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) phonetic manipulation 2) lexical manipulation 3) figures of speech.

A B 21. Alliteration ( ) A. by and by 22. Simile ( ) B. a dark horse 23. Rhyme ( ) C. up and down 24. Reiteration ( ) D. toss and turn

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