英语词汇学历年试题(6)

The first meaning is called ______.

A. primary meaning B. derived meaning C. central meaning D. basic meaning

15. Synchronically, the basic meaning of a word is the core of word-meaning called_______. A. primary meaning B. derived meaning C. central meaning D. secondary meaning

II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.

16. One important criterion for differentiation of homonyms from polysemants is to see their ____, the second

principal consideration is ________.

17. In dictionaries, a polysemant has its meanings all listed under one ______whereas homonyms are listed as

separate ______.

18. The differences between synonyms boil down to three areas : _______, connotation ,and _____.

19. Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion. That is, the meaning of a more specific word

is included in that of another more general word. The general words are called the _____terms and the more specific words are called the _____ terms.

20. The massive word store of a language like English can be conceived of as composed around a number of

meaning areas. Some large, such as ?philosophy‘ or ?emotions‘, other smaller, such as ?kinship‘ or ?color‘. Viewing the total meaning in this way is the basis of ______.

III. Match the words or expression in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) discrimination of synonyms 2) types of antonyms 3) sources of synonyms.

A B 21. difference in denotation ( ) A. dead/alive 22. borrowing ( ) B. handy/ manual 23. dialects and regional English ( ) C. old / young

24. contradictory terms ( ) D. answer the letter / reply to the letter 25. figurative and euphemistic use of words ( ) E. jim

26. contrary terms ( ) F. want/wish/desire 27. difference in connotation ( ) G. dreamer /star-gazer 28. coincidence with idiomatic expressions ( ) H. employer / employee 29. difference in application ( ) I. help/ lend one a hand 30. relative terms ( ) J. foe / enemy

IV.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of synonyms 2) origins of homonyms 3) processes of word-meaning development.

31.neck ( ) 32. word building/word formation ( ) 33. candidate ( ) 34. bow/bau/ and bow /beu/ ( ) 35. NOW ( ) 36. dear/ deer ( ) 37.ear from ear ( ) 38. fair from feria ( )

39. bank /bank ( ) 40. change / alter/vary ( ) V. Define the following terms .

41. radiation 42. concatenation 43. antonymy 44. hoponymy 45. semantic field VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.

46. What are the origins of homonyms ? 47. What are sources of synonyms ?

48. What are the characteristics of antonyms ? VII. Analyze and comment on the following.

49. Divide the following words into four groups and give the superordinate terms:

11

bark, boat, drum, harp, lute. Microscope. Mirror, destroyer, cruiser, piano, tectangle, rhomboid, rhombus, ship, spectacles, spectroscope, square, telescope, trapezium, violin. 50. Write the following words into a tree-like graph:

vegetable, meat, pork, beef, turnip, carrot, bread, food, cake, cornflakes, cereal. Key to exercises : I. 1. C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C6.B 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.A 13.B 14. A 15.C II. 16. etymology, semantic relatedness 17.headword, entries 18.denotation, application 19.

superordinate, subordinate 20.field theory

III. 21. F 22.J 23.E 24.A 25.G 26.C 27.B 28.I 29. D 30.H IV. 31. radiation 32. perfect synonym 33. concatenation 34. homograph

35. shortening 36. homophone 37. change in sound and spelling 38. borrowing 39. perfect homonym 40. relative synonym V-VI. (See the course book )

VII. 49. (1. ) spectacles, mirror, telescope, microscope, spectroscope. Superordinate : optical instruments (2) harp, lute , violin, piano, drum Superordinate: musical instruments

(3) boat , ship, bark, destroyer, cruiser Superordinate: water craft

(4)square, rectangle, rhomboid , rhomboid, rhombus, trapezium Superordinate: quadrilaterals

50. food

_________________________________________________________ meat vegetable cereal

pork beef turnip carrot bread cake cornflakes Chapter 7 Changes in Word Meaning and Chapter 8 Meaning and Context (练习６) I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would

best complete the statement.

1. The original meaning of manuscript is ________.

A. any author‘s writing B. handwriting C. any author‘s works D. a piece of paper 2. The original meaning of barn is ______.

A. a place for storing only barley B. a storeroom C. a restroom D. a bathroom

3. The extended meaning of journal is ______

A. daily paper B. any paper C. magazines D. periodical

4. In Shakespearean line ?rats and mice and such small deer‘, deer obviously designates ?_____‘ in

general.

A. a doe B.. animal C. a deerlike animal D. buck

5. The original meaning of wife is _______.

A. a married woman B. a young woman C. woman D. widowed woman

6. The meaning of meat changed by mode of _______. A. extension B. narrowing C. elevation D. degradation 7. The meaning of fond changed by mode of _______.

A. extension B. narrowing C. elev …… 此处隐藏：6697字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……