新编大学英语4课文翻译及课后习题答案

Learn General Se cretary on "tw o to learn a" stre ngthe ning "four Consci ousnesses" importa nt spe ech ca used a strong rea ction in the countr y. ime, watching "red treasure", the origin of buil ding t he party ba ck to powe r, how to stre ngthe n servi ces for the masses, impr ove party cohe sion, fighting to become t he grass-roots party members a nd masses hot topic. Gra ss-roots party organi zations "two" is to stre ngthen t he servi ce of party members and ca dres, the pioneer spirit. Di stribution of grass-r oots party organizati ons in all walk s of pe ople, clot hing, shelte r, whi ch belongs to t he ner ve endi ngs of the party organizati on a nd comments re putati on has a dire ct per cepti on of the masses. Strengthen the party a head of the "peda l" spirit; stre ngthe n the party members and ca dres "succe ss does not have t o be me" and "the first to bear hardships, the last to" service spirit to set the party's positive image among the people is im portant. Grass-root s party organi zations "two" is to cleanse al

people not ha ppy not to se e "stereotype s", establish the honest faithful, diligent faith for the pe ople. No nee d to avoi d mentioning t hat, some members of our party ca n not stand the "money," corrosi on of temptation, t hin, Xu Zhou, such a buse and corrupt bribery, malfeasa nce borers, and rats. Two, is to clean up, t hin, Xu, Z hou's soluti on to rest ore the party's fresh a nd natural, solid a nd honest work styl e. Cleansing "take, eat, card," unde sirable a nd behavi our, "cross, har d and cold, push" attitude. Grass-roots party orga nizations "two" is to strengthe n the sense of or dinary party members, parti cipati ng in consci ousness, unity consciousness. For reasons k now n, members of grass-r oots party branche s less m obil e, less re sources, and t he constructi on of party organizati ons have some lag. Two studies, is t o focus on the grass-roots party branches "l oose, soft, loose" probl em, advance the party members and ca dres, "a gang w orking", "Hong Kong report." Strong cleanup acti ons, styl

and rambli ng, pre sumpt uous "unqualifie d" party members, pay s special attenti on to party members a nd ca dres "joi ning party of thought" problem. "Party buildi ng" is obtai ned i n the l ong-term development of our party's histori cal experi ence accumul ated. Two i s our party under the new histori cal conditions, stre ngthe n the party's constr uction of a ne w "rectification movement." Grass-r oots party organizati ons shoul d always cat ch the hard w ork, results-oriente d. Two educational outcome s are long-term orie nted and become a n important impetus for the w ork. "Two" shoul d have thre e kinds of consci ousne ss "two" study and education, ba sic lear ning lie s in the doi ng. Only the Constituti on address t he serie s of party rule s, and do soli d work, be qualified party members ha d a solid ideol ogical basis. Only the "learni ng" and "do" real unit y, to form a "learn-l earn-do-do" the virtuous cycle, and ultimately achieve the fundamental obje ctive of education. T his requires that t he Organization

课内阅读参考译文及课后习题答案(Book 4)

Unit 1

享受幽默—什么东西令人开怀？

1 听了一个有趣的故事会发笑、很开心，古今中外都一样。这一现象或许同语言本身一样悠久。那么，到底是什么东西会使一个故事或笑话让人感到滑稽可笑的呢？

2 我是第一次辨识出幽默便喜欢上它的人，因此我曾试图跟学生议论和探讨幽默。这些学生文化差异很大，有来自拉丁美洲的，也有来自中国的。我还认真地思考过一些滑稽有趣的故事。这么做完全是出于自己的喜好。

3 为什么听我讲完一个笑话后，班上有些学生会笑得前仰后合，而其他学生看上去就像刚听我读了天气预报一样呢？显然，有些人对幽默比别人更敏感。而且，我们也发现有的人很善于讲笑话，而有的人要想说一点有趣的事却要费好大的劲。我们都听人说过这样的话：“我喜欢笑话，但我讲不好，也总是记不住。”有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更具有音乐、数学之类的才能一样。一个真正风趣的人在任何场合都有笑话可讲，而且讲了一个笑话，就会从他记忆里引出一连串的笑话。一个缺乏幽默感的人不可能成为一群人中最受欢迎的人。一个真正有幽默感的人不仅受人喜爱，而且在任何聚会上也往往是人们注意的焦点。这么说是有道理的。

4 甚至有些动物也具有幽默感。我岳母从前经常来我们家，并能住上很长一段时间。通常她不喜欢狗，但却很喜欢布利茨恩—我们养过的一条拉布拉多母猎犬。而且，她们的这种喜欢是相互的。布利茨恩在很小的时候就常常戏弄外祖母，当外祖母坐在起居室里她最喜欢的那张舒适的椅子上时，布利茨恩就故意把她卧室里的一只拖鞋叼到起居室，并在外祖母刚好够不到的地方蹦来跳去，一直逗到外祖母忍不住站起来去拿那只拖鞋。外祖母从椅子上一起来，布利茨恩就迅速跳上那椅子，从它那闪亮的棕色眼睛里掠过一丝拉布拉多式的微笑，无疑是在说：“啊哈，你又上了我的当。”

5 典型的笑话或幽默故事由明显的三部分构成。第一部分是铺垫（即背景），接下来是主干部分（即故事情节），随后便是妙语（即一个出人意料或令人惊讶的结尾）。如果这个妙语含有一定的幽默成分，这个笑话便会很有趣。通常笑话都包含这三部分，而且每部分都必须交代清楚。如果讲故事或说笑话的人使用听众都熟悉的手势和语言，则有助于增强效果。

6 我们可以对幽默这种娱乐形式，进行分析，从而发现究竟是什么使一个有趣的故事或笑话令人发笑。举例来说，最常见的幽默有以下几种，包括了从最显而易见的幽默到比较微妙含蓄的幽默。

7 “滑稽剧”是最明显的幽默。它语言简单、直截了当，常常以取笑他人为乐。说笑打闹这种形式过去是、现在仍然是滑稽说笑演员和小丑的惯用技巧。它为不同年龄、不同文化背景的人们所喜爱。几乎本世纪的每个讲英语的滑稽说笑演员都曾以这样或那样的方式说过下面这则笑话。一位男士问另一位男士：“昨晚我看到的那位和你在一起的贵妇是谁？”那位男士回答道：“那可不是什么贵妇，那是我老婆。”这个笑话的幽默之处在于第二位男士说他的妻子不是一位贵妇，也就是说她不是一个高雅的女人。这个笑话并没有因为经常讲而变得不再那么好笑。由于这是一个经典笑话，观众都知道要说什么，而且因为大家对这个笑话很熟悉而更加珍爱它。

8 中国的相声是一种特殊的滑稽剧。相声中两名中国喜剧演员幽默地谈论诸如官僚主义者、家庭问题或其他一些有关个人的话题。相声随处都能听到，无论是在乡村的小舞台上，还是在北京最大的剧院里，抑或在广播、电视上。它显然是中 …… 此处隐藏：94250字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……