雅思阅读 第二讲_list_of_heading

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雅思阅读第二讲-List of headings

IELTS Research & Development Centre Wuhan Branch, Global IELTS, Global English

题例：剑4-3

Tips on list of headings

题目出现在文章前，要特别注意不要漏做 每个标题只用一次 标题多于选项，拿不准一个选项先标上多 个标题，有空再细看 示例中已经选过的段落直接划掉不看，节 约时间

英文文章结构

学术类多为议论说明文多 常采用线条清晰而简单的文章结构：

总分式：开头论点+论据或说明+结尾重申 Topic sentence supporting ideas,examples Repitition/suggestion Location of top sentence: 80%首句， 15%末句，5%左右在中间)

实例：主题句与支持句In a growing number of hotels and skyscrapers across the nation, steel walls have replaced the footthick brick and mortar walls once used. Tests show that a steel wall four inches thick has better insulating qualities than a 12-inch thickness of masonry. In addition, steel-curtain wall panels save both time and labor. And the floor space conserved by use of the thin wall as against the thick wall in a big office building can mean a couple of hundred dollars a year in rentals.Topic sentence: In a growing number of hotels and skyscrapers use steel walls instead of brick-and-mortar walls. Supporting ideas: 1) A steel wall has better insulating properties. 2) Steel wall panels save time and labor. 3) A steel wall conserves floor space.

解题步骤Key words of Headings 推理具体内容

The 1st, 2nd & the Last Sentences

Topic Sentence

Most suitable Heading

解题侧重点 选项着手:

抓住每个heading中的KEY WORDS

文章着手:

抓住文章每段的主题句 无主题句者，需要你从共性的东西中总 结推断，可重点关注段落中的重复字眼

注意改写现象 Headings是原文主题的浓缩改写 文章中更具体，选项更概括,更抽

象 Headings中的关键词可能在原文 中会以改写的方式出现

主题句非固定特征

主题句(需要你细读)1.

2.

包含性最强的句子 转折、递进式的句子1. 2.

But/however等之后的句子 Although, in spite of, despite的主句

3.

表结论、推断等 1. sb believe/hold/imply/suggest 等引导的宾从是主句 表定义

A is defined as … is known as… A is … Namely / That is … This is …

非主题句特征

非主题句(需要略过)1. 举例 2. 包含细节的句子 3. 问句 4. 从句

主题句的常规特征

Feature:

1. 某特定单词反复出现 2. 以指代词形式出现 3. 以同义词/ 近义词/ 同类词的形式出现

1. 某特定单词反复出现

Animals can move form place to place, but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws.

But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.

2. 以指代词形式出现

Tropical fish are becoming increasingly popular. Varied in color, popular. Varied in color, they are decorative for homes, offices and even store windows. The rising of such fish is recommended as a relaxing hobby for people in jobs involving much tension. Many hobbyists have made money by breeding those fish varieties for which there is a special demand.

3. 以同义词/近义词/ 同类词形式出现

Sydney is home to the state Art Gallery of New South Wales, the Sate Conservatorium of Music, the Australian Opera, the Sydney Dance Company, and the Australian Ballet. Company, and the Australian Ballet. The world-class Sydney Symphony Orchestra offers great classical music all year round. Local theatre is creative and well supported, and large-scale overseas productions tour regularly. regularly.

特例： no topic sentence

某些段落主题句不明显，是一系列细节的罗列， 此时需要归纳出它们所属的类别。 Paragraph C: There is a toaster oven, a blender, and a can opener on one counter. I have a microwave oven on another. In my cupboard, you can find a mixer and a hot air popcorn popper. On the far side of the kitchen, there is a coffee machine and coffee grinder. Heading 4 kitchen utensils