ECMAScript for XML Specification(Ecma-357)

欧洲计算机制造商协会(ECMA)标准文档

ECMA-357

2nd Edition / December 2005

ECMAScript for XML (E4X) Specification

欧洲计算机制造商协会(ECMA)标准文档

欧洲计算机制造商协会(ECMA)标准文档

Standard ECMA-357

2nd Edition / December 2005

ECMAScript for XML (E4X) Specification

Ecma International Rue du Rhône 114 CH-1204 Geneva T/F: +41 22 849 6000/01

欧洲计算机制造商协会(ECMA)标准文档

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欧洲计算机制造商协会(ECMA)标准文档

Introduction

On 13 June 2002, a group of companies led by BEA Systems proposed a set of programming language extensions adding native XML support to ECMAScript (ECMA-262). The programming language extensions were designed to provide a simple, familiar, general purpose XML programming model that flattens the XML learning curve by leveraging the existing skills and knowledge of one of the largest developer communities worldwide. The benefits of this XML programming model include reduced code complexity, tighter revision cycles, faster time to market, decreased XML footprint requirements and looser coupling between code and XML data.

The ECMAScript group (Ecma TC39-TG1) unanimously agreed to the proposal and established a sub-group to standardize the syntax and semantics of a general purpose, cross platform, vendor neutral set of programming language extensions called ECMAScript for XML (E4X). The development of this Standard started on 8 August 2002. This Standard was developed as an extension to ECMAScript Edition 3, but may be applied to other versions of ECMAScript as well.

This Standard adds native XML datatypes to the ECMAScript language, extends the semantics of familiar ECMAScript operators for manipulating XML data and adds a small set of new operators for common XML operations, such as searching and filtering. It also adds support for XML literals, namespaces, qualified names and other mechanisms to facilitate XML processing.

This Standard will be integrated into future editions of ECMA-262 (ECMAScript). The ECMAScript group is working on significant enhancements for future editions of the ECMAScript language, including mechanisms for defining XML types using the XML Schema language and support for classes.

The following people have contributed to this specification:

John Schneider, BEA/AgileDelta (Lead Editor) Rok Yu, Microsoft (Supporting Editor)

Jeff Dyer, Macromedia (Supporting Editor)

This Ecma Standard has been adopted by the General Assembly of December 2005.

Steve Adamski, AOL/Netscape Patrick Beard, AOL/Netscape Adam Bosworth, BEA Steve Brandli, BEA

Vikram Dhaneshwar, Microsoft Brendan Eich, Mozilla Foundation Vera Fleischer, Macromedia Nathanial Frietas, palmOne Gary Grossman, Macromedia Waldemar Horwat, AOL/Netscape Ethan Hugg, AgileDelta Mark Igra, BEA

David Jacobs, MITRE Alex Khesin, BEA Terry Lucas, BEA

Milen Nankov, AgileDelta Brent Noorda, Openwave Richard Rollman, AgileDelta Markus Scherer, IBM

Werner Sharp, Macromedia Michael Shenfield, RIM Edwin Smith, Macromedia

Dan Suciu, University of Washington Peter Torr, Microsoft Eric Vasilik, BEA

Herman Venter, Microsoft Wayne Vicknair, IBM Roger Weber, BEA

欧洲计算机制造商协会(ECMA)标准文档

欧洲计算机制造商协会(ECMA)标准文档

Table of contents

1 2 3 3.1 3.2 4 5 5.1

Scope

Conformance References

Normative References Informative References Definitions Motivation

The Rise of XML Processing

1 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 10 12 12 12 22 22 28

- i-

5.2 Current XML Processing Approaches 5.2.1 The Document Object Model (DOM)

5.2.2 The eXtensible Stylesheet Language (XSLT) 5.2.3 Object Mapping 5.3 6 7

The E4X Approach Design Principles Notational Conventions

7.1 Algorithm Conventions 7.1.1 Indentation Style 7.1.2 Property Access 7.1.3 Iteration

7.1.4 Conditional Repetition 7.1.5 Method Invocation 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 9

Lexical Conventions Context Keywords Punctuators

XML Initialiser Input Elements Types

9.1 The XML Type

9.1.1 Internal Properties and Methods 9.2 The XMLList Type

9.2.1 Internal Properties and Methods 9.3

The AttributeName Type

欧洲计算机制造商协会(ECMA)标准文档

9.3.1 9.4 10

Internal Properties The AnyName Type

28 29 29 29 29 30 30 31 33 33 34 35 37 38 39 39 39 40 40 40 41 42 43 43 46 47 47 49 51 52 53 53 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 59

- ii-

Type Conversion

10.1 ToString

10.1.1 ToString Applied to the XML Type 10.1.2 ToString Applied to the XMLList Type

10.2 ToXMLString ( input argument, [AncestorNamespaces], [IndentLevel] ) 10.2.1 ToXMLString Applied to the XML Type 10.2.2 ToXMLString Applied to the XMLList Type 10.3 ToXML

10.3.1 ToXML Applied to the String Type

10.3.2 ToXML Applied to a W3C XML Information Item 10.4 ToXMLList

10.4.1 ToXMLList Applied to the String Type 10.5 ToAttributeName

10.5.1 ToAttributeName Applied to the String Type 10.6 ToXMLName

10.6.1 ToXMLName Applied to the String Type 11

Expressions

11.1 Primary Expressions 11.1.1 Attribute Identifiers 11.1.2 Qualified Identifiers 11.1.3 Wildcard Identifiers 11.1.4 XML Initialiser 11.1.5 XMLList Initialiser

11.2 Left-Hand-Side Expressions 11.2.1 Property Accessors 11.2.2 Function Calls

11.2.3 XML Descendant Accessor

11.2.4 XML Filtering Predicate Operator 11.3 Unary Operators

11.3.1 The delete Operator 11.3.2 The typeof Operator 11.4 Additive Operators

11.4.1 The Addition Operator ( + )

11.5 Equality Operators

11.5.1 The Abstract Equality Comparison Algorithm 11.6 Assignment Operators

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