基于PLC的小区恒压供水系统设计

中文摘要

摘 要

本论文根据中国城市小区的供水要求，设计了一套基于PLC的变频调速恒

压供水系统, 并利用组态软件开发良好的运行管理界面。变频恒压供水系统由

可编程控制器、变频器、水泵机组、压力传感器、工控机等构成。

本系统包含三台水泵电机，它们组成变频循环运行方式。采用变频器实现

对三相水泵电机的启动和变频调速，运行切换采用“先启先停”的原则。压力

传感器检测当前水压信号，送入PLC与设定值比较后进行PID运算，从而控制

变频器的输出电压和频率，进而改变水泵电机的转速来改变供水量，最终保持

管网压力稳定在设定值附近。通过工控机与PLC的连接，采用组态软件完成系

统监控，实现了运行状态动态显示及数据、报警的查询。

关键词：变频调速，恒压供水，PLC，组态软件

英文摘要

ABSTRACT

According to the requirement of China's urban water supply, this paper

designs a set of water supply system of frequecey control of constant voltage based

on PLC, and have developed good operation management interface using

Supervision Control and Data Acquisition.The system is made up of PLC,

transducer,units of pumps,pressure sensor and control machine and so on.

This system is formed by three pump generators,and they form the circulating

run mode of frequency conversion. With general frequency converter realize for

three phase pump generator soft start with frequency control,operation switch

adopts the principle of”start first stop first”. The detection signal of pressure sensor

of hydraulic pressure,via PLC with set value by carry out PID comparison

operation,so,control frequency and the export voltage of frequency converter,and

then the rotational speed that changes pump generator come to change water supply

quantity,eventually,it is nearby to maintain pipe net pressure to stabilize when set

value. Through work control machine the connection with PLC,with group form

software consummately systematic monitoring,have realized operation state

development to show and data,report to the police inquiry.

Keywords: variable frequency speed-regulating, constant-pressure water supply,

PLC, supervision control and data acquisition.

目 录

目 录

第一章 绪 论 ..................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 课题的提出 ............................................................................................................... 1

1.2 变频恒压供水系统的国内外研究现状 ............................................................. 2

1.2.1 变频调速技术的国内外发展与现状 ...................................................... 2

1.2.2 变频恒压供水系统的国内外研究与现状 ............................................. 3

1.3本课题的主要研究内容和意义 ........................................................................... 4

第二章 系统的理论分析及控制方案确定 ........................................................ 6

2.1 变频恒压供水系统的理论分析 ...........................................................................6

2.1.1 电动机的调速原理 ........................................................................... 6

2.1.2 变频恒压供水系统的节能原理 ....................................................... 7

2.2 变频恒压供水系统控制方案的确定 ................................................................. 9

2.2.1控制方案的比较和确定 ............................................................................. 9

2.2.2 变频恒压供水系统的组成及原理 ........................................................ 10

2.2.3 变频恒压供水系统控制流程 ................................................................. 13

2.2.4 水泵切换条件分析 .................................................................................... 14

第三章 系统的软件设计 ........................................................................................ 15

3.1 PLC控制 .................................................................................................................. 15

3.1.1 手动运行 ...................................................................................................... 16

3.1.2 自动运行 ...................................................................................................... 16

3.2 编程及介绍 ............................................................................................................. 17

3.2.1 自动运行 ...................................................................................................... 17

3.2.2 手动部分 ...................................................................................................... 19

3.2.3 公共部分 ...................................................................................................... 21

第四章 系统的硬件设计 ........................................................................................ 24

4.1 主电路设计 ............................................................................................................. 24

4.2 可编程控制器 ........................................................................................................ 25

4.2.1 PLC简介 ...................................................................................................... 25

4.2.2 PLC的特点 .................................................................................................. 26

4.2.3 PLC输入输出端子分配表 ....................................................................... 26

4.2.4 PLC的接线图 ............................................................................................. 27

目 录

4.3 变频器 ...................................................................................................................... 28

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