研究生英语阅读教程(提高级-第三版)课文及课后习题答案(5)

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including three large explosions and radioactive leakage. Over 200, 000 people were evacuated.

The 7 April aftershock caused the loss of external power to Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant

and Higashidori Nuclear Power Plant but backup generators were functional. Onagawa Nuclear

Power Plant lost 3 of 4 external power lines and lost cooling function for as much as 80 minutes.

A spill of a couple liters of radioactive water occurred at Onagawa.

Europe?s Energy Commissioner Günther Oettinger addressed the Europ ean Parliament on

March 15, explaining that the nuclear disaster was an “apocalypse”. As the nuclear crisis entered

a second month, experts recognized that Fukushima Ⅰis not the worst nuclear accident ever, but

it is the most complicated.

Later analysis indicated three reactors (Units 1, 2, and 3) had suffered meltdowns and

continued to leak coolant water, and by summer the Vice-minister for Economy, Trade and

Industry, the head of the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency, and the head of the Agency for

Natural Resources and Energy, had lost their jobs.

Fukushima meltdowns

Japan declared a state of emergency following the failure of the cooling system at the

Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant, resulting in the evacuation of nearby residents. Officials

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the Japanese Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency reported that radiation levels inside the plant were up to 1,000 times normal levels, and that radiation levels outside the plant were up to 8 times

normal levels. Later, a state of emergency was also declared at the Fukushima Ⅱnuclear power

plant about 11 km (7 mi) south. This brought the total number of problematic reactors to six.

It was reported that radioactive iodine was detected in the tap water in Fukushima, Tochigi, Gunma, Tokyo, Chiba, Saitama, and Niigata, and radioactive cesium in the tap water in Fukushima, Tochigi and Gunma. Radioactive cesium, iodine, and strontium were also detected

in the soil in some places in Fukushima. There may be a need to replace the contaminated soil. Food products were also found contaminated by radioactive matter in several places in Japan. On April 5, 2011, the government of the Ibaraki Prefecture banned the fishing of sand lance after discovering that this species was contaminated by radioactive cesium above legal limits. As late as July radioactive beef was found for sale at Tokyo markets.

. an earthquake that occurred on

3 The Great Hanshin earthquake, or Kobe earthquake:

Tuesday, January 17, 1995, at 05:46 JST (January 16 at 20:46 UTC) in the southern part of Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. It measured 6.8 on the moment magnitude scale (USGS), and Mj7.3 (adjusted from 7.2) on JMA magnitude scale. The tremors lasted for approximately 20 seconds. The focus of the earthquake was located 16 km beneath its epicenter, on the northern end of Awaji Island,

20 km away from the city of Kobe.

Approximately 6,434 people lost their lives (final estimate as of December 22, 2005);