(18)Hughes & Heaney

Edward James Hughes, referred to normally as Ted Hughes (August 17, 1930 – October 28, 1998) was an English poet and children's writer.

Life and Achievement Hughes was born in Mytholmroyd, West Yorkshire and is generally regarded as one of the best poets of his generation. This was reflected in his appointment as Poet Laureate (the British Queen's official poet) in 1984.

Hughes earlier poetic work is rooted in nature and, in particular, the innocent savagery of animals Hughes later work is deeply reliant upon myth and the bardic(吟 游诗的) tradition.

His first collection, Hawk in the Rain (1957) attracted considerable critical acclaim. In 1959 he won the Galbraith prize which brought $5000. His most significant work is perhaps Crow (1970). Tales from Ovid (1997) contains a selection of free verse translations from Ovid's Metamorphoses. In Birthday Letters, Hughes broke his silence on Plath, detailing aspects of their life together and his own behaviour at the time. The cover artwork was by their daughter Frieda.

Hughes studied English, anthropology and archaeology at Pembroke College, Cambridge, where he met fellow poet Sylvia Plath. They married on June 16, 1956, separating in the autumn of 1962. Plath's suicide in 1963 has long been a subject of much speculation by feminist critics. As Plath's widower, Hughes became the executor of Plath‘s personal and literary estates. He oversaw the publication of her manuscripts, including Ariel (1966). He also destroyed the final volume of Plath‘s journal, detailing their last three years together.

Prior to Plath's death, Hughes and his children moved into the flat of his lover, the poet Assia Wevill. Their daughter, Alexandra Tatiana Eloise Wevill, nicknamed Shura, was born on March 3, 1965. Assia killed herself and Shura on March 25, 1969. In August 1970, Hughes married Carol Orchard, a nurse. They remained together until his death.

In addition to poetry, Hughes wrote classical opera librettos(剧本) and children's books. One of these, The Iron Man, became the basis of Pete Townshend's rock opera of the same name, and the animated film The Iron Giant. Hughes died after an 18-month-long battle with liver cancer. His definitive 1333 page Collected Poems appeared in 2003.

Conclusion Hughes stated that poems, like animals, are each one an assembly of living parts, moved by a single spirit.‘ In his early works Hughes questioned man s function in the universal scheme. Seriously interested in shamanism(萨满教), hermeticism(封闭主义), astrology(占星 术), and the Ouija board(显灵板). Hughes examined in several of his later animal poems the themes of survival and the mystery and destructiveness of the cosmos.

Hawk Roosting I sit in the top of the world,my eyes closed. Inaction,no falsifying dream Between my hooked head and hooked feet: Or in sleep rehearse perfect kills and eat.

The convenience of the high trees! The air's buoyancy and the sun's ray Are of asvantage to me; And the earth's face upward for my inspection

鷹之棲息 ������������������ 我坐在樹林的頂端，兩眼閉 著。 懶洋洋地，沒有虛妄的夢 在鉤狀的頭和鉤狀的足之間： 或者在睡眠中排演完美的殺 戮和吞噬。 高樹的便利啊！ 空氣的浮力和陽光 都對我有利； 大地還翻仰起臉龐供我檢閱。

My feet are looked upon the rough bark. It took the whole of Creation To produce my foot,my each feather: Now i hold Creation in my foot Or fly up,and revolve it all slowly I kill where I please because it is all mine. There is no sophistry in my body: My manners are tearing off heads-

我的雙腳緊鎖著粗糙的樹 皮。 造物主費盡全神 才造出我的腳，我的每一 根羽毛： 現在我用單腳就掌握了孙 宙 或飛升，或任意緩慢地旋 轉── 我一高興便隨便殺戮，因 為這一切都屬於我。 我的體內不存在任何詭辯： 我的習性就是撕裂頭顱──

The allotment of death. For the one path of my flight is direct Through the bones of the living. No arguments assert my right: The sun is behind me. Nothing has changed since I began. my eye has permitted no change. I am going to keep things like this.

分配死亡。 因為我飛行的唯一路徑是 直搗 生物的骨頭。 無需任何論點來維護我的 權益。 太陽在我的後面。 自我出道以來什麼也沒有 改變。 我的眼睛不容許任何改變。 我打算讓這情況繼續下去。

在〈鷹之棲息〉一詩裡，老鷹懶洋洋地蹲坐在樹林的頂端發 表其戲劇獨白。它傲視天下，目中無人：「……大地還翻仰 起臉龐供我檢閱」,「造物主費盡全神╱才造出我的腳，我 的每一根羽毛：╱現在我用單腳就掌握了孙宙」,「我的習 性就是撕裂頭顱╱分配死亡」,「我的眼睛不容許任何改變。 ╱我打算讓這情況繼續下去」。讀完全詩，我們無法只把它 視為一隻驕傲嗜殺的大鳥，因為休斯所使用的字眼明顯地賦 予了老鷹人的生命，把人和鳥很自然地貫串在一起。老鷹不 僅僅是一隻老鷹，更像是歷史上的梟雄希特勒一類的人物。 休斯自己也曾經說：這首詩是針對法西斯主義者的心理研究。 這首詩語調狂野冷靜，充滿了權威性的自負和自尊，批評家 認為這在英詩中是相當新穎且令人興奮的。這種「權威感」 正是休斯詩作的標記。而且在佈置其想像力的舞台的當兒， 休斯注入了相當的「準確性」,使得讀者不會去爭辯他的詩 作是否貼切。

Comments on ―Hawk Roosting‖ Hawk Roosting is written by poet Te

d Hughes. In his life time Hughes has published many poems about nature and animals.

The poem has six stanzas, all written in the first person, with no discernable rhyming scheme. The poem represents a hawk, as it roosts on a tree top, watching over the world and contemplating life. This hawk sees itself, as the centre of the world and the best of creation. He believes he controls the world, bringing death to anything below him that dares to question his authority. The poem shows the reader that nature isn‘t always beautiful, and the hawk is a metaphor of humans, because humans dominate the world, as does this hawk. The poem is written with a chilling attitude to power.

Seamus Heaney (b. April 13, 1939) is …… 此处隐藏：3906字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……