基于单片机的导盲系统的设计刘晓凯1

基于单片机的导盲系统的设计

北方工业大学信息工程学院 刘晓凯

摘要

中国是世界上盲人数量最多的国家。盲人生活在黑暗的世界中，给工作、生活、社交活动带来了莫大的困难。如何安全行走，是盲人生活中最大的问题。本文模仿蝙蝠的超声应用能力和原理，应用回声定位原理，通过发送超声波，然后获得并分析障碍物的回波信息，并将GPS全球定位系统和GSM网络通信系统加以应用而研制出的一套超声波导盲系统。

本文首先介绍了国内外定位的发展现状和发展趋势，其次介绍了超声波测距原理、GPS定位原理和GSM通信原理，然后给出了系统的选择方案，对硬件电路部分的各个模块做了详细设计说明，包括控制中心电路、超声波测距电路、GPS模块电路、GSM模块电路以及语音播放电路。随后通过串口通信程序、GPS数据提取程序以及GSM短消息发送程序的编写完成了导盲装置的设计流程，最终介绍了对导盲装置关键部分的调试，包括软件界面编程的调试，GPS数据接收，AT命令串口通信调试以及整体功能的调试。

通过实验表明,各主要功能及技术指标均达到设计要求，本系统能实现距离的实时测量,拨打固定电话，紧急报警的功能。经测试本系统具有硬件结构简单、成本低、工作可靠、流程清晰、精度高、易于推广的优点。 关键词：STC89C52, 超声波测距，GSM, GPS, ISD4002。

The Design of the Seeing - eye System

Based on MCU

Abstract

China has the largest number of the blind in the world. The blind live in a world of darkness, bringing great difficulties to the work, life, social activities. Being Safe to walk is the biggest problem in the blind life. Imitate the bat's ultrasonic capabilities and principles in this article, the application of echolocation principle, and then received by sending an ultrasonic echo information and analysis of the obstacles, and GPS Global Positioning System and GSM network communication system to be applied, and developed a set of ultrasonic guide system.

This paper first introduces the development situation and developed trend of domestic and international positioning, ultrasonic ranging principle, the principle of GPS positioning and GSM communication theory is introduced, and then given the option of the system, the hardware part of the circuit module in detail description, including the control center, ultrasonic distance measurement circuit, the GPS module circuit, GSM module circuit and voice playback circuit. Then the guide device design process is completed by the preparation of the serial communication program, the GPS data extraction procedures and the GSM short message sending program. Ultimately some important parts of the guide device was debugged, including the debugging of the software interface programming, GPS data reception,AT command and serial communication debugging and the all function.

Through experiments, the main features and technical specifications have meet the design requirements, this system can achieve real-time measurement of the distance, emergency alarm functions. This system has been tested that hardware structure is simple, low cost, reliable, clear flow, high precision, easy to promote .

Keyword: STC89C52, ultrasonic distance measurement, GSM, GPS, ISD4002。

目录

1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................ 1

1.1研究背景和意义 ............................................................................................................ 1

1.2 国内外已经研制成功的超声波导盲装置 ................................................................... 2

1.2.1 电子导盲仪 ........................................................................................................ 3

1.2.2 移动式机器人 .................................................................................................... 3

1.2.3 穿戴式导盲仪 .................................................................................................... 4

1.2.4 引导式手杖 ........................................................................................................ 5

1.3 本系统的主要研究内容 ............................................................................................... 5

2超声波测距的工作原理 ........................................................................................................... 7

2.1 超声波 ........................................................................................................................... 7

2.1.1 超声波概述 ........................................................................................................ 7

2.1.2 超声波衰减 ........................................................................................................ 8

2.2 超声波传感器 ............................................................................................................... 9

2.2.1 超声波传感器的特点 ........................................................................................ 9

2.2.2 超声波传感器的结构及原理 .......................................................................... 10

2.2.3 传感器的主要参数 .......................................................................................... 10

2.3 超声检测的原理和方法 ............................................................................................. 11

3 GPS和GSM的工作原理 ...................................................................................................... 13

3.1 GPS系统的构成及基本定位原理 .............................................................................. 13

3.1.1 GPS系统的构成和特点 ................................................................................... 13

3.1.2 GPS的定位原理 ............................................................................................... 15

3.2 GSM技术 .................................................................................................................... 17

3.2.1 GSM 综述 ................................................................................................. …… 此处隐藏：15595字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……