新概念英语第一册语法总结

新概念语法：新概念英语第一册语法总结

一、时态：

一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，现在完成时，一般将来时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时

1. 一般现在时

表示一般性，经常性的动作或一般性事实。

1 含有be动词的句子

He is a teacher.

The girl is very beautiful.

Tim and Jack are students.

★变疑问句将be动词移到句首

Is he a teacher?

Is the girl very beautiful?

Are Tim and Jack students?

★变否定句在be动词后面加not

He is not a teacher.

The girl is not very beautiful.

Tim and Jack are not students.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, he is. No, he is not.

Yes, she is. No, she is not.

Yes, they are. No, they are not.

★不含有be动词的句子，即含有一般动词的句子

第三人称单数及单数名词

He likes books.

She likes him.

The dog likes bones.

★变疑问句在句首加does, 动词变为原型

Does he like books?

Does she like him?

Does the dog like bones?

★变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t, 动词变为原型，原句中的动词不再有第三人称变化。

He doesn’t like books.

She doesn’t like him.

The dog doesn’t like bones.

★肯定回答及否定回答：

Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.

Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t

Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t.

注意：第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S，不要和名词复数混淆，变否定句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化。

其他人称及复数名词

I want to have a bath.

We have some meat.

The students like smart teachers.

★变疑问句在句首加do

Do you want to have a bath?

Do we have any meat?

Do the students like smart teachers?

★变否定句在主语和动词之间加don’t.

You don’t want to have a bath.

We don’t have any meat.

The students don’t like smart teachers.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, I do. No, I don’t.

Yes, we do. No, we don’t

Yes, they do. No, they don’t.

6. 过去完成时：

用法：在过去的时间里，两个动作中，发生在前的哪个动作要用过去完成时。 结构：had+过去分词

After she had finished her homework, she went shopping.

They had sold the car before I asked the price.

The train had left before I arrived at the station.

After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号，如果放在主句后则不用加。

5 变疑问句将助动词移到句首

Had she finished her homework?

6 变否定句在助动词后面加not

She hadn’t finished her homework.

7 肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, she had. No, she hadn’t.

8 特殊疑问句：

What had she done?

1. 一般将来时

表示将来将要发生的动作， 经常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours’ time, etc. 表示将来的词联用

结构： 主语+助动词will+动词原形

I will go to America tomorrow.

The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.

Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.

★变疑问句将助动词移到句首

Will you go to America tomorrow?

Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?

Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?

★变否定句在助动词后面加not

I will not go to America tomorrow.

The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.

Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, I will. No, I will not.

Yes, he/she will. No, he/she will not.

Yes, he will. No, he will not.

★特殊疑问句：

What will you do?

【知识拓展】 一般将来时

1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。

will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。

Which paragraph shall I read first.

Will you be at home at seven this evening?

2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。

a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。

What are you going to do tomorrow?

b. 计划，安排要发生的事。

The play is going to be produced next month。

c. 有迹象要发生的事

Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.

3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.

4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。

He is about to leave for Beijing.

注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 新概念英语常考动词： 一般将来时

1.一般将来时的基本概念

一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态.一般将来时由助动词shall(第一人称),will(第二、三人称) 动词原形构成.美国英语则不管什么人称,一律用will.

2.一般将来时的构成

am/is/are/going to do和will/shall do

1) shall用于第三人称单数,常被will 所代替,二者都可以缩写成'll.

will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称.

Which paragraph shall I read first.

Will you be at home at seven this evening?

2) be going to 动词原形地点,表示将来.

a. 主语的意图,即将做某事.

What are you going to do tomorrow?

b. 计划,安排要发生的事.

The play is going to be produced next month.

c. 有迹象要发生的事

Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.

3) be 不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事.

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.

4) be about to 不定式,意为马上做某事.

He is about to leave for Beijing.

注意:be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用.

3.一般将来时的用法

表示将来的动作或状态:一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用,如:

tomorrow(明天), next week(下周), from now on(从现在开始);in the future(将来)等.

4.一般将来时的其他用法

一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,其表达形式除了"shall(第一人

称),will(第二、三人称) 动词原形构成"外,还有以下几种形式.

1)"to be going to 动词原形"表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事.例如:

①It is going to rain. 要下雨了。

②We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们开会。

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