聚苯胺超级电容器性能

超级电容器

ElectrochimicaActa71 (2012) 27–32

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ElectrochimicaActa

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Fabricationofpolyaniline/mesoporouscarbon/MnO2ternarynanocompositesandtheirenhancedelectrochemicalperformanceforsupercapacitors

YanfangYana,QilinChenga,b, ,VladimirPavlinekb,PetrSahab,ChunzhongLia,

KeyLaboratoryforUltra neMaterialsofMinistryofEducation,SchoolofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,EastChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology,200237Shanghai,Chinab

CentreofPolymerSystems,PolymerCentre,TomasBataUniversityinZlin,nam.T.G.Masaryka5555,76001Zlin,CzechRepublic

a

article

info

abstract

Articlehistory:

Received30November2011

Receivedinrevisedform6February2012Accepted11March2012

Available online 27 March 2012

Keywords:Polyaniline

MesoporouscarbonMnO2

Ternarycomposite

Electrochemicalproperties

Polyaniline/mesoporouscarbon/MnO2(PANI/CMK-3/MnO2)ternarynanocompositeswithaPANInanolayeruniformlydepositedontheCMK-3/MnO2particlesweresynthesizedbychemicaloxidativepolymerization.StructureandmorphologyoftheternarycompositeswerefurthercharacterizedbyTEM,XRD,FTIRandFE-SEMtechniques.Electrochemicalmeasurementsdemonstratedthattheternarycom-positewith12%MnO2contentpossessedenhancedspeci ccapacitanceof695Fg 1andthecapacitanceretentionwas88%after1000galvanostaticcharge-dischargecyclesatacurrentdensityof1.0Ag 1.TheincorporationofMnO2nanoparticlescannotonlycontributetohighcapacitancebutalsostabilizetheinteractionbetweenthequinoidringofPANIandtheCMK-3/MnO2particles.ThePANInanolayerintheternarycompositerestrainsthedissolutionofMnO2nanoparticlesinacidicelectrolytesoastoenhancetheirelectrochemicalutilization.Thesynergisticeffectamongthreecomponentsmayresultinenhancedspeci ccapacitanceandcyclingstabilityoftheternarycomposites.

© 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

1.Introduction

Aspromisingdevicesforenergystorage,supercapacitorshavebeenwidelyusedinhybridelectricvehicles,backuppowersuppliesandmobileelectronicdevicesduetotheirhigherpowerdensitythanrechargeablebatteriesandhigherenergydensitythanconven-tionalcapacitors[1,2].Variouscarbonaceousmaterialsincludingactivatedcarbon,CNTsandmesoporouscarbonhavebeeninves-tigatedaselectricaldouble-layercapacitor(EDLC)electrodes[3].However,thecarbon-basedcapacitorsprovidehigherpowerden-sitybutmuchlowerenergydensitythanpseudocapacitors[4].Comparedwithconductingpolymersormetaloxidesinpseudo-capacitors,thespeci ccapacitanceofcarbon-basedmaterialsisrelativelylow.Analternativeapproachtoimproveenergyden-sityistofabricatehybridnanocompositecombiningcarbonwithconductingpolymersormetaloxides.

Amongtheavailablemetaloxides,manganesedioxide(MnO2)isconsideredasaprospectivematerialofpseudocapacitorswithrespecttoitshighspeci ccapacitance,costeffectivenessand

Correspondingauthorat:KeyLaboratoryforUltra neMaterialsofMinistryofEducation,SchoolofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,EastChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology,200237Shanghai,China.Tel.:+862164250949;fax:+862164250624.

Correspondingauthor.Tel.:+862164250949;fax:+862164250624.

E-mailaddresses:chengql@(Q.Cheng),czli@(C.Li).

environmentalcompatibility[5–8].However,thepoorelectricalconductivityofMnO2andinstabilityinhighprotonconductingmediums(whichareinfavorofsupercapacitors)greatlydimin-ishthespeci ccapacitanceofMnO2,whichrestrictsitsapplicationinsupercapacitors[9].ToovercomethedisadvantagesofMnO2,oneemergingdesignstrategyistousemesoporouscarbonasthescaffoldforMnO2tofacilitatetheelectrontransfer[10,11].Forinstance,Dongetal.[12]reportedthatMnO2particlesembed-dedintheCMK-3wallsexhibitedalargespeci ccapacitance.AsonochemicalmethodadvancedbyZhuetal.[13]wassuccessfullyusedtoincorporateMnO2nanoparticlesinsidetheporechannelsofCMK-3,andCMK-3/MnO2compositewith20wt%loadingofMnO2deliveredanimproveddischargeperformanceatarelativelyhighcurrentdensityof1Ag 1duetothenanometer-sizedMnO2parti-clesandthehighsurfaceareaofthecarbonsupport.Unfortunately,CMK-3/MnO2compositesareinstableinacidicelectrolytes[14]andthusrequireneutralorbasicsystemwhichhashigherelectrolyteresistance[15].

Atpresent,aneffectivemethodofmakingMnO2workintheacidicmediumwithhighconcentrationofprotonsistheintroduc-tionofconductingmatrixsuchasconductingpolymersforMnO2[9].Polyaniline(PANI)isagoodcoatinglayercandidateforMnO2tobeappliedintheacidsystembecauseofitslowcost,goodcon-ductivity,easeofsynthesis,andexcellentcapacitiveperformance[16–18].RecentstudieshavedemonstratedthatPANIcoatedonthesurfaceofMnO2cannotonlyimprovetheelectrochemicalstabilityofMnO2inacidicsystembutalsosigni cantlyenhancethespeci c

0013-4686/$–seefrontmatter© 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved./10.1016/j.electacta.2012.03.101

超级电容器

28Y.Yanetal./ElectrochimicaActa71 (2012) 27–32

capacitanceofthecompositesduetothesynergiceffectbetweenPANIandMnO2[15,19].Morerecently,interestingelectrochemicalpropertiesofnewternarycomposites[20–22]havealsobecometheresearchfocusduetotheirenhancedelectrochemicalperformancecomparedwithbinarycomposites.Therefore,theprotectivemodi- cationofPANIcoatinglayerontotheCMK-3/MnO2particlescouldbeafeasiblestrategytomakethenovelternarycompositeoperateinacidicelectrolytestoenhancetheutilizationofMnO2asmuchaspossibleandfurtherimprovetheelectrochemicalperformanceofthenanocomposite.

Inthiswork,inordertofurtherinvestigatetherelation-shipbetweenthestructureandelectrochemicalperformanceofternarycomposites,PANI/CMK-3/MnO2ternarynanocompos-iteswerepreparedbychemicaloxidativepolymerization.Themorphology,microstructureandelectrochemicalpropertiesofPANI/CMK-3/MnO2compositeswereinvestigated,andtheeffectofMnO2ontheelectrochemicalperformancewasalsodiscussed.

2.Experimental

2.1.Materials

Aniline(An,analyticalgrade)purchasedfromShanghaiChem-icalReagentCo.wasdistilledundervacuumpriortouse.Polytetra uoroethylene(PT …… 此处隐藏：6135字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……