重庆师范大学考研真题 英语专业(4)

Read the passage through and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each blank

Since the invention of electronic digital computers in the 1940s, experts have speculated on how these machines might be programmed to model human thought processes. Early the development of computers, researchers programmed machines to various mathematical and clerical tasks. However, scientists also worked to develop computers that could attack more intellectually the technology advanced, scientists created computer programs that contained problem-solving strategies ―heuristics.‖ these heuristics, computers could respond new tasks in ways that were not entirely preprogrammed. Heuristics computers to divide complex problems into subunits and identify potential routes to solutions. could decide which subproblems to attack first, use models and analogies, and make educated guesses at solutions necessary. , computer scientists claimed that these heuristic based programs possessed an ―artificial .‖

Today, powerful computers use sophisticated heuristics along with vast information to solve problems in ways that appear very . For example, computer systems provide advice to doctors who practice in remote locations and thus cannot specialists in particular medical fields. ―expert‖ computers help forecast the weather, locate oil reserves and business trends. Indeed, some computer scientists argue that machines will one day equal or surpass humans in all of decision making.

招收专业：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：英语语言学、文体学、英美文学、英语国家文化研究、英语教学理论及应用、现代英语研究、社会语言学、翻译理论

1. [A]. under [B]. over [C]. in [D]. along

2. [A] perform [B]. complicate [C]. accept [D]. impose

3. [A]. forbidding [B]. challenging [C]. pleasing [D]. menacing

4. [A]. Before [B]. Since [C]. Until [D]. As

5. [A]. been called [B]. having called [C]. calling [D]. called

6. [A]. Armed with [B]. Devoted to [C]. Endorsed by [D]. Interested by

7. [A]. at [B]. to [C]. against [D]. with

8. [A]. agreed [B]. authoring [C]. allowed [D]. let

9. [A]. managing [B]. manageable [C]. managed [D]. managerial

10. [A]. They [B]. It [C]. These [D]. Those

11. [A]. why [B]. whether [C]. how [D]. when

12.[A]. Inherently [B]. Essentially [C]. Invariably [D]. Eventually

13. [A]. integrity [B]. personality [C]. intelligence [D]. instinct

14. [A]. banks [B]. places [C]. establishments [D]. locations

15. [A]. humanitarian [B]. humanistic [C]. humane [D]. humanlike

16. [A]. medical [B]. spatial [C]. financial [D]. educational

17. [A]. covert [B]. control [C]. consult [D]. contradict

18. [A]. Alike [B]. Similar [C]. Akin [D]. Simulated

19. [A]. reverse [B]. follow [C].manipulate [D]. predict

20. [A]. areas [B]. portions [C]. ranges [D]. parts

V. Paraphrase. (30 points)

1. As with all his great novels, Tess of the D’Urbervilles reflects Hardy‘s love of the Wessex

2.

3. Someday, there may well be a similar memorial to the unfulfilled prophecies of the creators of the latest put, the ultimate promise is this: a huge amount of information available to anyone at the touch of a button, everything from airline schedules to esoteric scientific journals to video versions of off-off-off Broadway.

4. Modern linguistics gets its charter from Leonard Bloomfield‘s Language (1933). for

thirteen years professor of Germanic philology at the University of Chicago and for nine years professor

招收专业：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：英语语言学、文体学、英美文学、英语国家文化研究、英语教学理论及应用、现代英语研究、社会语言学、翻译理论

of linguistics at Yale, . He was as much an anthropologist as a linguist, and his concepts of language were shaped not by Strunk‘s Elements of Style but by his knowledge of Cree Indian dialects.

VI. Summery writing. (40 points)

Instruction: write a summery of the following article in your own words after you have read it. The summery should include the main ideas of the article and be written in 150-200 words.

Where's the next boom? Maybe in `cleantech'

By JORDAN ROBERTSON, AP Technology Writer

SAN FRANCISCO -

Our economy sure could use the Next Big Thing. Something on the scale of railroads, automobiles or the Internet — the kind of breakthrough that emerges every so often and builds industries, generates jobs and mints fortunes.

Silicon Valley investors are pointing to something called cleantech — alternative energy, more efficient power distribution and new ways to store electricity, all with minimal impact to the environment — as a candidate for the next boom.

And while no two booms are exactly alike, some hallmarks are already showing up.

Despite last fall's financial meltdown, public and private investments are pouring in, fueling startups and reinvigorating established companies. The political and social climates are favorable. If it takes off, cleantech could seep into every part of the economy and our lives.

Some of the biggest booms first blossomed during recessions. The telephone and phonograph were

developed during the depression of the 1870s. The integrated circuit, a milestone in electronics, was invented in the recessionary year …… 此处隐藏：5081字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……