英语国家概况(1)课程第1次形成性考核答案与讲评(3)

06. The functions of Parliament (Unit 3)

The functions of Parliament are: to pass laws, to vote for taxation, to scrutinise government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.

07. The House of Lords (Unit 3)

The house of Lords consists of the Lords Spiritual, who are the Archbishops and most prominent bishops of the Church of England, and the Lords Temporal, which refers to those lords who either have inherited the seat from their forefathers or they have been appointed. The lords mainly represent themselves instead of the interests of the public.

08. The House of Commons (Unit 3)

The House of Commons is the real centre of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Election and should represent the interest of the people who vote for them.

Unit 4 Politics, Class and Race

09. The importance of general elections (Unit 4)

General elections are very important in western democracy. According to Unit 4, they provide opportunities for people to influence future government policies and to replace those incompetent political leaders.

10. The formation of the British government (Unit 4)

Before a general election, the political parties would start their electoral campaign in order to make their ideologies and policies known to the public. The campaign involves advertisements in newspapers, door-to-door campaigning, postal deliveries of leaflets and “party electoral broadcasts” on the television. The parties also try to attack and criticise the opponents’ policies. Therefore, these campaigns sometimes can be quite aggressive and critical.

Unit 5 The UK Economy (Unit 5)

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11. Privatisation in 1980s (Unit 5)

The British economy went through a particular bad period in the 1970s, with high rate of inflation and devaluation of the Pound. Therefore, in the 1980s, when the Conservative party under Margret Thatcher was in power, an extensive programme of privatisation was carried out. Many state-owned businesses (such as steel, telecom, gas, and aerospace) were turned into private companies. Privatisation was successful in controlling inflation but at the same time unemployment rate increased rapidly.

12. Main sectors of the UK economy (Unit 5)

The UK national economy can be divided into three main areas: primary industries, such as agriculture, fishing and mining; secondary industries which manufacture complex goods from those primary products; tertiary (or service) industries such as banking, insurance, tourism and the retailing.