高考作文之结构—记叙文

写作

高考作文之结构—记叙文

记叙文是英语作文中最常用、最基本的一种文体。也是高考英语书面表达中常考的文体。它以记叙和描写为主要手段，通过写人、记事、写景来表达作者思想或感情。常见的高考记叙文包括故事、人物介绍、游记、新闻报道等。常考题多以看图作文或根据故事情节写作文的形式出现。

记叙文的写作要点

1. 六要素：要交待清楚记叙文“六要素”，即时间、地点、人物、事件起因、经过、结果（when，where，who，why，what，how）。

2. 叙述方式：事情的叙述通常有四种手法：顺叙、倒叙、插叙和夹叙夹议。最常用的是顺叙。

3. 时态：时态通常使用与过去有关的时态，如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。

4. 人称：通常用第一人称或第三人称写作，第一人称主要写自己的经历，可增强文章的真实感和感染力；第三人称主要写他人的经历或事迹。

高考记叙文的篇章结构

开头 the beginning——交待必要的背景。如：时间、地点、人物等。 中间 the middle——交待故事情节（事情的主体）。如：事件的发生、发展和前因后果。

结尾 the ending——事情的结果或感想、愿望等

范例一 记事 2008天津卷

假设2008年2月12日是你父亲的生日，下面三幅图描绘的是你给父亲买完礼物后乘坐地铁回家时经历的一件事。请根据图示，用英语写一篇日记记叙这件事，并谈谈自己的感受。

注意：

1. 词数不少于100；

写作

2. 可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：

地铁（列车）-- subway train

February 12th, 2008

One possible version: Februay 12 th, 2008

The day is my Dad’s birthday. This afternoon I went to the shopping center downtown, and bought a present for him. Then I took the subway

记叙文之人物介绍

写作

人物介绍属于记叙文的写作范畴，写作时要围绕人物组织材料。所写短文中应包括人物、时间、地点、主要事件（who，when， where ，what）等内容。

人物介绍的写作要点

写作时，要做到主题鲜明，内容清楚，并注意结构的完整性。 1. 仔细审题，明确写作目的和中心思想，每段都应始终围绕主题展开叙述。

2. 合理判断使用哪种人称，句子时态要在上下文中有相关性、连续

性，要与表达内容一致。

3. 合理安排短文的结构层次，组织好所提示内容表达的先后顺序，

并用英语思维，整理写作要点。

4. 审题后要先列出简明扼要的提纲，其次写出草稿，经过修改之后，再正式成文。

人物介绍的篇章结构 名人篇

姓名、童年及出生地 → 家庭及教育背景 → 成就 → 评价 路人篇

姓名、身份及外貌特征 → 要点提示中的人物特点 → 评价

范例二 写人

马克·吐温是美国著名作家。请根据下面提供的内容写一篇人物简介。

写作

马克·吐温（1835－1910）生于美国Missouri。他是美国19世纪著名的作家之一。他的家乡位于密西西比河畔。成年后，他曾在密西西比河的船上当水手。马克·吐温是他的笔名。

他写过很多小说，其中最著名的是《汤姆索耶历险记》（Tom Sawyer）。他的作品被译成多国文字，深受世界读者喜爱。

词数：100-120。

One possible version:

riverboat for some time. Mark Twain was his pen name.

writings have been translated into many languages. He and his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world.

附录Ⅰ--人物简介英语写作

常用的词组及句子： 1. Birthday and birth place: …was / were born in …on…

…was / were born in / into a poor / rich family 2. Family background

His / her family was so poor that… his / her father was very strict with him…

写作

Born in a poor family, he had to...

When he was a small boy, he showed a great interest in... when he was a small boy / young as a child / as a boy of 15 during his / her childhood spend his childhood in… live a happy / hard life

3. Education background be admitted to …college

graduate from…department of …university when at college, he majored in… receive a doctor's degree go abroad for further studies

Thanks to the help of ..., he was able to continue his education. Between ... and ..., he studied at...

From ... to ..., he first worked as ..., and then he became... 4. Big events in one's life be interested in… / be fond of… work hard at… serve as…

devote his lifetime / himself to… concentrate himself to… do research about / into… made great contributions to… make up one's mind to do sth.

do sth with great determination and perseverance be strict in sth.

写作

have a …way of doing sth try one's best to do sth. encourage sb to do

fight for, give up one's life for sb / sth win a prize / the first prize in …competition receive / obtain / win the Nobel Prize for… be good at… do well in… be crazy about… enjoy … make rapid progress in … set a new world record of … equal the world record

win(won) a gold / silver / bronze medal

be awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her scientific achievements. be selected to / become a member of… study hard train hard go through hardship overcome many difficulties have a gift / talent for language, etc 5. Evaluation

one of the best / most important … set a good example for… a model teacher / worker be respected by everyone People speak / think highly of… be honored as (an excellent athlete) his hard work brought him great success he is the pride of China.

His heroic story spread all over the city make great contributions to…

Consistency / Perseverance is the key to success.

写作

be famous / known / regarded as become a world champion at …Championships remember sb forever a new chapter of history has been turned Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit. an inspiring leader sb. is considered to be one of the greatest... Well known as..., sb... 人物外貌和性格特征描写词汇 good-looking ordinary-looking white-haired naughty smart kind-hearted absent-minded tall short pretty wise funny-looking ugly-looking

warm-hearted bad-tempered near-sighted bright charming attractive talkative patience

far-sighted diligent lazy

a strong will healthy humorous

confidence

independent

附录Ⅱ 过渡词句 附录Ⅱ—过渡词句有关 “起” 的词语, 用语开篇或引出扩展句. …… 此处隐藏：12228字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……