四大发明英文版

China Ancient Four Inventions 中国四大发明

MagneticCompass

It's.....

Through the ages, China is considered to be the first country that invented and used magnetic compass.Nearly two thousand years have passed since our ancestors invented compass.

It's.....

Magnetic compass is a device used to determine geographic direction,usually consisting of a magnetic needle or needles horizontally mounted and free to pivot until aligned with the magnetic field of Earth.

ImportanceFrom simply using it to find direction and judge fengshui to magnetic compass being used in world navigation, till today, various newly-invented magnetic compasses are applied broadly.

You can say that, the reason why seafaring can develop rapidly in modern times is because it benefits from the invention and application of magnetic compass.

Consequences

Especially during the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made expeditions to Southeast Asia for seven times with more than 27000 people and dozens of big ships each time, which contributes to the extension and development of seafaring and foreign trade in the world

Consequences

It has a big influence on military, economy, seafaring; it pushes forward the great discoveries of geography. Without magnetic compass, Columbus couldn't arrived new continent; China is still adopting a policy of seclusion and comes to a standstill.

Good science

China's ancient science and technology was once brilliant, which bring us great honor. The spread and application of magnetic compass in western countries urge us to have further understanding of the significance and influence of magnetic compass in the world.

Good science

PAPERMAKING

The oldest paper Fang matan Paper

HistoryPaper-making is one of the four great inventions of China, the paper is the han long experience accumulation and the crystallization of the wisdom of working people, human a brilliant invention in the history of civilization. China is the world's earliest sericulture silk in the world. Han Chinese working people above cocoon silk silk, such as the remaining evil cocoon, cocoon disease such as flocculant with legal system take silk floss. After floating flocculant, woven bamboo mat legacy will be some residual effect. When the number of floating flocculant, woven bamboo mat on the residual flocculant product into a layer of fiber sheet, after dry stripping down, can be used for writing. This flocculant floating there aren't many by-products, and call it HeTi or FangXu on ancient book.

By CAI lun in eastern han dynasty (105) of the first year of yuan xing papermaking, improved by CAI lun in the bark, hemp heads and our raw materials such as cloth, fishing nets, after falling, dao, copy paper, drying technology, manufacturing, is the origin of modern paper. This paper, the raw material is easy to find and very cheap, quality is also improved, gradually widely used. In honour of the feat, CAI lun later generations called this paper "Cai Hou paper"

Cai lun

The design of the papermaking processUntil the eastern han dynasty and emperor period, through improved by CAI lun, formed a set of relatively finalize the design of the papermaking process, the process can be roughly pided into four steps: The first is the separation of raw material, is to use the retting leaching or cooking methods for raw materials in alkali degumming, and scattered into fibrous; Second is beating, is to use the method of cutting and struck staple fiber, and make the fiber broom, and become the pulp; The third is the manufacture paper with pulp, namely make pulp water penetration into slurry, then used for paper pulp (woven bamboo mat) and get the pulp in paper to woven thin sheet of wet paper;

The fourth is dry, namely the wet paper to dry or dry, peeling the became a paper.

The design of the papermaking process

The spread of papermakingResearch shows that this technology spread to many countries even the world . First of all incoming and papermaking in China and Vietnam, followed by adjacent spread to Korea, Japan, is along the Tang Dynasty - Arab - the spread of this line in Europe. Moreover in many countries paper is used for money so this technology helps their economic thus it led a number of economic development.