英语专升本考试重点复习内部资料(专升本英语语法,词汇,阅读理解

英语专升本考试重点复习内部资料(专升本英语语法,词汇,阅读理解、翻译)

WORD格式可编辑

语法七大语法考试重点

一独立主格

（一）：独立主格结构的构成：

名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；

名词(代词)+形容词；

名词(代词)+副词；

名词(代词)+不定式；

名词(代词) +介词短语构成。

（二）独立主格结构的特点：

1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。

2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。

3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

举例：

The test finished, we began our holiday.

= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.

The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.

This done, we went home.

The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.

He came into the room, his ears red with cold.

He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.

二过去完成时

1）概念：表示过去的过去其构成是had +过去分词构成。

2）用法

a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。

She said (that) she had never been to Paris.

b. 状语从句

在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。

When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.

c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn t.

3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。

He said that he had learned some English before.

By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.

Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

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英语专升本考试重点复习内部资料(专升本英语语法,词汇,阅读理解、翻译)

WORD格式可编辑

典型例题

The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.

A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left

注意：had no sooner… than刚…… 就……

He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.

三强调结构

考试重点：

强调句型的基本形式It is（was）+被强调部分+that（who）…；强调句型用来强调状语。

一、强调句型的基本形式It is（was）+被强调部分+that（who）…。

二、强调句型用来强调状语。

1、It was in that small room_____ they worked hard and dreamed of better days to come.

A. where

B. in which

C. which d. that

2、It is because she is very devoted to her students _______she is respected by them.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. who

3、It was not until she arrived in class _________realized she had forgotten her book.

A. and she

B. when

C. she

D. that she

四情态动词

考试重点：

情态动词+完成时

情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、劝告、意愿等概念或态度。情态动词无人称变化，在句子中和动词原形一起构成谓语。根据这几年的考试看，着重测验情态动词接完成时的用法。

一、must +现在完成时表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测。

1、Mr. Green _____ my letter, otherwise he would have replied before now.

A. must have received

B. must have failed to receive

C. must receive

D. must fail to receive

2、I believe he _____ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time.

A. would have had

B. could have had

C. should have had

D. must have had

二、should （ought to ）+完成时表示应该做的事情而没有做，否定式表示不该做的事情做了。含有对过去的动作的责备、批评。

1、They have done things they ought _____.

A. not to do

B. not to be done

C. not to have done

D. not having done

2、I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left, I _____ him earlier.

A. had a telephone

B. have phoned

C. should have phoned

D. should be phoned

三、could +完成时表示能做的事情而没有做。表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜，遗

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英语专升本考试重点复习内部资料(专升本英语语法,词汇,阅读理解、翻译)

WORD格式可编辑

憾。

1、He could have joined us, but he didn’t get our invitation in time.

2、I could have passed, but I did not study hard enough.

五虚拟语气

考试重点：

虚拟语气的基本形式和用法；if的省略形式；含蓄条件句；以wish（that）引导的表示“愿望”的宾语从句；would rather 引导的从句；以as if, as though 引导的从句；以suggest, advise, insist 等词后引导的宾语从句；It is necessary（important）that引导的主语从句；It is time （that）…句型中。

一、虚拟语气的基本形式和用法：

虚拟（条件）语气中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面三类：

1、I would ask George to lend us the money if I _____ him.

A. had known

B. have known

C. knew

D. know

2、Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people _____ the same language?

A. spoke

B. speak

C. had spoken

D. will speak

3、If Bob____ with us, he would have had a good time.

A. would come

B. would have come

C. had come

D. came

二、if的省略形式

在虚拟条件句中，如谓语包含were , had, should等词，则可以把这些词放到主语前面，省略if。

1、_____ you were busy, I wouldn t have bothered you with my questions.

A. If I realized

B. Had I realized

C. Did I have realized that

D. As I realized

2、_____, I should ask them some questions.

A. Should they come to us

B. If they come to us

C. Were they come to us

D. Had they come to us

三、含蓄条件句

有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示，而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。常用with，without，but for。

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