基于单片机的锅炉液位控制系统设计论文

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毕 业 论 文

论文题目：基于单片机的锅炉液位控制系统 专 业：

本科生： （签名）________ 指导老师： （签名）________

Subject：Boiler liquid level control system based on single-chip Specialty:

Name: Instructor:

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摘 要

本文主要设计了一种基于单片机的锅炉液位控制系统，它以STC89C52单片机作为核

心控制器，通过STC89C52单片机，温度传感器、压力传感器和模数转换器，数码管显示等硬件系统和软件设计方法实现具有液位检测报警和控制双重功能.

本系统在设计中主要有水位检测、温度检测、压力检测、按键控制、水位控制、显示部分、故障报警等几部分组成来实现液位控制。主要用液位传感器检测液位，用DS18B20温度传感器来检测水温，用三个控制按键来实现按健控制，用三位7段LED显示器来完成显示部分，用MOC3041双向可控硅来控制水泵的开关，用压力传感器检测锅炉内部压力，并且通过模数转换把这些信号送入单片机中。把这些信号与单片机中内部设定的值相比，以判断单片机是否需要进行相应的操作，即是否需要开启水泵，来实现对液位的控制,从而实现单片机自动控制液位的目的。本设计用单片机控制易于实现锅炉液位、温度和压力的控制,而且有造价低、程序易于调试、一部分出现故障不会影响其他部分的工作、维修方便等优点。

关键词：STC89C52单片机,液位控制，显示，报警

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ABSTRACT

Designed in this paper is a boiler liquid level controll system, which STC89C52 as a

controller, through hardware and software design ,such as STC89C52 single chip, temperature sensor,pressure sensor and ADC, a system of digital display, reach to liquid level detection and alarm dual function control.

The design of the system are mainly include the water level detection, temperature detection, pressure detection, key control, water level control, display, fault alarm, such as a few parts to achieve the level control. Detection of the main level with the water level sensors, temperature sensors DS18B20 is used to detected water temperature, with three control buttons to achieve the health control, with three 7 LED display to complete the display, using MOC3041 TRIAC to control the circulating pump switch ,with pressure sensors detect the internal pressure of the boiler. Through analog-to-digital conversion take these signals into the single chip. These single-chip signal and the internal set of values compared to determine the need for the corresponding single-chip operation, namely, the need to open the pump to achieve the level of control, thus in order to achieve the purpose of automatic control by single-chip solution. The design is easy to implement single-chip boiler liquid level control, temperature and pressure control, and its low cost and easy to debug the procedure, part of the failure will not affect other parts of the work, maintenance convenience, and so on.

KEY WORDS:stc89c52 Single chip microcomputer, level control,display,alarm

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目录

第一章 绪论 ............................................................... 1

1.1锅炉液位控制的背景 .................................................. 1 1.2锅炉液位控制国内外发展概况 .......................................... 2

1.2.1国内发展概况 .................................................. 2 1.2.2国外发展概况 .................................................. 2 1.3本课题研究目的及意义 ................................................ 3 1.4 系统简介 ........................................................... 3 第二章.主要芯片介绍 ........................................................ 5

2.1单片机STC89C52介绍 ................................................. 5

2.1.1 STC89C52单片机的外部引脚说明 ................................. 5 2.1.2 STC89C52RC单片机的中断系统 ................................... 7 2.1.3 选择使用STC89C52RC的原因 ..................................... 9 2.2芯片74LS164介绍 .................................................... 9

2.2.1 74LS164的引脚图及引脚功能： ................................. 10 2.2.2 74LS164的内部功能图 ........................................ 10 2.2.3 74LS164的真值表 ............................................. 11 2.2.4 74LS164有如下特点： ......................................... 11 2.3 模数转换器A/D0809 ................................................. 12

2.3.1 ADC0809的逻辑结构 ........................................... 12 2.3.2 ADC0809 的通道选择 ........................................... 12 2.3.3 ADC0809的引脚图及各引脚作用 ................................. 13 2.4 温度传感器DS18B20 ................................................. 14

2.4.1 DS18B20的内部结构及管脚图 ................................... 14 2.4.2 DS18B20技术性能描述 ....................................... 15 2.4.3 DS18B20的温度处理过程 ....................................... 16 2.5 LED数码管显示.................................................... 17

2.5.1 LED数码管显示器的结构 ..................................... 18 2.5.2 LED数码管显示器的显示段码 ................................... 18 2.5.3 LED显示器的参数 ............................................ 19

第三章．锅炉液位控制的硬件设计 ............................................ 21

3.1系统硬件设计的总体方案及框图 ....................................... 21

3.1.1系统硬件设计总体方案 ......................................... 21

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3.1.2 系统设计的总体框图 ........................................... 21 3.2 键盘控制电路设计 .................................................. 22 3.3 复位电路设计 ...................................................... 23 3.4 显示电路的设计 .................................................... 24

3.4.1静态显示 ..................................................... 24 3.4.2 动态显示 ..................................................... 25 3.4.3 该设计中显示电路的选择 ....................................... 25 3.5 液位控制电路的设计 .................................. …… 此处隐藏：11773字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……