上海海事大学国际物流Chapter 10 International Air Transportat

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Chapter 10 International Air Transportation

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Introduction Today, even though airfreight may represent only 1 percent of world trade by weight, it accounts for approximately 40 percent of world trade by value.

Time-definite shipments A concept created by Federal Express in the 1970s. Cargo or package shipments that must be delivered by a guaranteed, predetermined time and day.

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TermsRevenue Tonne Kilometer (RTK)收入吨公里 It is the number of metric tonnes (公吨) of freight, mail, passengers, and baggage carried multiplied by the distance they have been carried, in kilometers. 指实际运载吨数与飞行里程的乘积，是反映运输飞行中综合运载数量的指标。 收入吨公里=∑{实际运载量(吨)×航段距离(公里)} Freight Tonne Kilometer (FTK)货邮吨公里 Used interchangeably with RTK.

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Top Ten Cargo Airlines (2012) in millions of FTKs1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 FedEx UPS Airlines Emirates (阿联酋航空) Cathay Pacific Airways(国泰航空，香港) Korean Air Lines (大韩航空) Lufthansa(德国汉莎) Singapore Airlines British Airways China Airlines (中华航空，台湾) 16,108 10,416 9,319 8,433 8,144 7,175 6,694 4,732 4,538

Top Ten Cargo Airlines(2007) in millions of FTKs1 2 3 FedEx UPS Airlines Korean Air 15,710 10,961 9,568

45 6 7 8 9 10

LufthansaCathay Pacific Airways Singapore Airlines China Airlines Air France Emirates Cargolux(卢森堡航空)

8,3488,225 7,945 6,301 6,126 5,497 5,482

10

EVA Air(长荣航空)

4,470

The top ten cargo carriers in the world account for almost half of the world's freight transportation revenues.上海海事大学高洁

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Top 20 Passenger Airports(2010)

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Top 20 Cargo Airports(2010)

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Top Fifteen Cargo Airports (2012) in tonnes loaded12 3 4 5 6 7

Hong KongMemphis Shanghai Incheon/Seoul Anchorage Dubai Louisville

4,062,2614,016,126 2,939,157 2,456,724 2,449,551 2,267,365 2,168,365

89 10 11 12 13 14

ParisFrankfurt Tokyo Miami Singapore Beijing Los Angeles

2,150,9502,066,432 2,006,173 1,929,889 1,841,858 1,787,027 1,771,907

15

Taipei

1,577,728

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上海海事大学国际物流 高洁

Reasons for shipping by air Commodities are of a high value-to-weight ratio, or are perishable, quickly obsolete(过时), required on short notice, or expensive to handle or store; Demand is unpredictable, infrequent, exceeds local supply, or is seasonal; The risk of pilferage, breakage, or deterioration is great; The cost of insurance is high for long periods of transit; Heavy packaging is required for surface transportation; To lower warehousing costs; Difficult terrain(地形) or the lack of rail, port, or road infrastructure; There is risk of losing a customer or halting production due to the lack of an urgently-needed repair part.上海海事大学高洁

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Types of Service Air mail services Th

e origin of air freight, air mail services still account for a small percentage of all shipments.

Express airfreight services Express air services guarantee a pre-determined delivery date; the service is called“time-defined delivery,” generally the next day or overnight. Examples include FedEx, UPS, DHL. Door/Desk to Door/Desk Service Door/Desk to Airport(收件人自行办理相关手续) Courier on board(专人派送)上海海事大学高洁

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Types of Service Scheduled airfreight services Refers to flights that are offered on a published schedule. Advantages:–––– Offered on a routine basis; Tend to be highly reliable and efficient; Of relatively low cost for airfreight delivery; Make up the bulk of international air cargo traffic.

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Types of Service Charter airfreight services Services that are based on demand and do not operate on a published schedule. to meet the individual shipper‘s needs for:––––– specialized cargo; emergencies; delivery to destinations that are not served by scheduled airlines; seasonal cargo; Project Cargo (Products that do not fit in the cargo bay of a traditional cargo aircraft; Items exceed the volume or weight restrictions of traditional aircrafts and require special handling and carriage. )

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Types of Service Leased Cargo Aircraft Services Both UPS and FedEx lease aircraft, especially during the November–December holidays.国内三大航空公司机队构成情况(2006年)

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Type of leasesWet Lease The owner (lessor) of an aircraft provides the airplane, insurance, maintenance services, fuel, and a flight crew to the lessee, who has to cover all of the other variable costs, such as airport fees. Today, the most common cargo aircraft leases include only the aircraft, crew, maintenance, and insurance (ACMI) and are therefore called ACMI leases.

Dry Lease The lessor provides an aircraft without any crew, maintenance, insurance, services, or fuel.

Damp Lease The owner provides some services in addition to the aircraft itself: it could include the aircraft, maintenance and insurance, but not provide the crew. Similar to ACMI, but without the aircrew.

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Types of Service Airfreight forwarder services Airfreight forwarders provide the link between shippers of airfreight and consignees at the destination. Freight forwarders contract with air carriers, consolidate shipments, buy space on flights, and arrange intermodal surface transportation needs.< …… 此处隐藏：5303字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……