江西省萍乡市芦溪中学人教高中英语必修四：Unit 5 第三课时 语法

新课程标准高中英语必修四Unit 5 Theme parks

第三课时 语法课 学案 Discovering useful structures

一．学习目标：让学生掌握Word formation 二．知识呈现

Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you! It will bring you into a magical world…

With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.

Dollywood shows and celebrates America’s traditional southeastern culture.

People come from… to see…other craftsmen make wood…in the old-fashioned way.

三．知识重难点 1. Compounding合成

Compound word with a hyphen: free-fall, old-fashioned, steam-engine

Compound word put together: whichever, whatever, wherever, southeastern, indoor, outdoor, craftsmen, horseback

Compound words separated: roller coaster

2. Derivation: add letters to the beginning or the end of a word.转化 1) prefixes前缀:

dis-: disagree, dislike, disappear

in-(il-, im-, ir-): incorrect, impossible, irregular, un-: unhappy, unable, unfit,

non-: nonstop, nonverbal (非语言的) re-: rewrite, review 2) suffixes后缀:

构成名词：-er, -ese, -ist, -ian, -ment, -tion, -ness, -th.

buyer, Chinese, socialist, musician, agreement, collection, illness, truth 构成形容词: -al, -an, -ful, -ing, -y, -less

national, American, careful, exciting, cloudy, useless 构成动词: -fy, -is (z)e: beautify, realize 构成副词: -ly: badly

构成数词: -teen, -ty, -th: thirteen, sixty, twelfth

3. Conversion: change the part of speech of a word 派生 1) v.—n.: charge (v.)—charge (n.) 2) n.—v.: hand (n.)—hand (v.) 3) adj.—v.: clean (adj.)—clean (v.) 4) adv.—v.: down (adv.)—down (v.) 5) adj.—n.: old (adj.)—old (n.) 四．知识点拨 1. 合成名词 1) n. + n.

air conditioner 空调 blood pressure 血压 income tax 所得税

credit card 信用卡 2) adj. + n.

central bank 中央银行 fast food 快餐

solar system 太阳系 remote control 遥控 3) v-ing +另一词

washing machine 洗衣 driving license 驾驶执照 4) 其他方式

by-product 副产品 editor-in-chief 主编 2. 合成形容词

1) 过去分词或带ed词尾的词构成。

absent-minded 心不在焉的 grey-haired 头发灰白的 2) V-ing 或另一词构成

long-suffering 长期受苦的 far-reaching 深远的(影响) 3. 合成动词及合成副词

water-ski 滑冰 overeat 吃得太多 baby-sit 看孩子 empty-handed 一无所获的 五．知识拓展

1) 构成数词的后缀：-teen(十几), -ty(几十), -th(构成序数词)。例如： six → sixteen → sixty → sixteenth → sixtieth

2) 表示其他意义的前缀：a-(多构成表语形容词), anti-(反对，抵抗), auto-(自动), co-(共同), en-(使),inter-(互相), sub-(下面的；次；小), tele-(远)

alone单独的， cooperate合作， enjoy使高兴， internet互联网， subway地铁， telephone电话

3)首尾字母缩略法，即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式，即各字母分别读音；作为一个单词读音。

very important person → VIP (读字母音)要人；大人物 television → TV (读字母音)电视

Testing of English as a Foreign Language → TOEFL托福

4) 截短法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变，主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。

截头: telephone → phone aeroplane → plane omnibus → bus

去尾: mathematics → maths co-operate → co-op examination → exam kilogram → kilo

laboratory → lab taxicab → taxi

截头去尾: influenza → flu refrigerator → fridge prescription → script