1.6L乘用车双横臂独立悬架设计

潍坊学院毕业设计

1.6L乘用车双横臂悬架设计

摘要

双横臂式独立悬架，是一种车轮在汽车横向平面内摆动的独立悬架，这种独立悬架被广泛应用在轿车前轮上。

双横臂式独立悬架按上、下横臂是否等长，又分为等长双横臂式和不等长双横臂式两种悬架。等长双横臂式悬架在车轮上下跳动时，能保持主销倾角不变，但轮距变化大(与单横臂式相类似)，造成轮胎磨损严重，现已很少用。对于不等长双横臂式悬架，只要适当选择、优化上下横臂的长度，并通过合理的布置，就可以使轮距及前轮定位参数变化均在可接受的限定范围内，这种结构有利于减少轮胎磨损，提高汽车行驶平顺性和方向稳定性，保证汽车具有良好的行驶稳定性。目前不等长双横臂式悬架已广泛应用在轿车的前后悬架上，部分运动型轿车及赛车的后轮也采用这一悬架结构。

本次毕业设计根据悬架系统设计的基本要求和给定的参数，完成了双横臂独立悬架的设计。

关键词: 汽车；双横臂独立悬架；螺旋弹簧；减振器

I

宋冲冲：1.6L乘用车双横臂悬架设计

The design of 1.6L passenger cars double-wishbone

suspension

Abstract

Double wishbone-type independent suspension, of which the wheels swing in a horizontal plane in the car, an independent suspension that has been widely used in cars on the front.

Double wishbone-type independent suspension in accordance with the upper and lower arm length, etc. are also divided into equal length double wishbone and a long range two-type double wishbone suspension. Such as long double wishbone suspension in the wheel up and down beat, the kingpin inclination to maintain the same, but changes in Tread large (with a single arm is similar), resulting in severe tire wear, is now seldom used. The length double wishbone suspension, as long as the appropriate choice, to optimize the length of upper and lower arm, and a reasonable layout, you can make Tread and the front wheel alignment parameters are within acceptable limits the scope of this structure helps to reduce tire wear and improve vehicle ride comfort and directional stability, and ensure the car has a good driving stability. The current length double wishbone suspension has been widely used in the front and rear suspension cars, some sports and racing cars of the rear wheel is also used in this suspension structure.

The subject of the design of suspension system design complete a double wishbone- independent suspension design in accordance with the basic requirements and the given parameters .

Keywords: Vehicle; Double-wishbone suspension; Coil spring; Shock absorbers

II

潍坊学院毕业设计

目录

摘要 .................................................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................ II 绪论 ................................................................................................................................................................... 1 第一章 悬架概述 ...................................................................................................................................... 2

1.1 悬架设计的要求 ...................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 悬架对汽车性能的影响 ...................................................................................................... 4

1.2.1 悬架对汽车行驶平顺性的影响 ......................................................................... 4 1.2.2 悬架对汽车行驶稳定性的影响 ......................................................................... 5

第二章 独立悬架及弹性元件的结构形式与分析 ................................................................. 7

2.1 独立悬架的结构型式与分析 ........................................................................................... 7 2.2 弹性元件的特定分析比较 ................................................................................................. 8 第三章 螺旋弹簧悬架设计 ............................................................................................................... 10

3.1 悬架基本参数的选定 ......................................................................................................... 10

3.1.1 悬架静挠度 ................................................................................................................. 10 3.1.2 上下横臂长度的确定 .............................................................................................11 3.1.3 簧载质量的确定 ....................................................................................................... 12 3.1.4 其他参数的确定 ....................................................................................................... 12 3.2 螺旋弹簧的选择 .................................................................................................................... 12 3.3 减振器的选择 ......................................................................................................................... 15

3.3.1 减振器类型的选择 ................................................................................................. 15 3.3.2 减振器主要参数的选择 ....................................................................................... 16

宋冲冲：1.6L乘用车双横臂悬架设计

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