中考英语重点词汇和句型用法总结(2)

Fish is eaten by cats. (被动语态) 鱼被猫吃。 ②被动语态的构成

由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成

助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连

系动词时完全一样。 时态 一般现在时 被动语态结构 am English is spoken in maare +过去分词 ny countries. is 一般过去时 was +过去分词 This bridge was built inwere + 过去分 1989. 词 情态动词 can/should may +be+过去The work must be done分词 must/…… ③被动语态的用法

当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 19. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如： Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每

晚看电视。 right now. 例句 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）

如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。 Sb. allow doing sth. 某人允许做某事 20. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞 让/使（别人）做某事 get sth. done(过去分词) have sth. done

如：I get my car repaired. == I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车 21. enough 足够

形容词＋enough 如：beautiful enough 足够漂亮 enough＋名词 如：enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够…去做… 如：

I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。 22.倒装句:

So ＋助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词＋主语 意为：…也是一样 So +主语+be/助动词/ 情态动词 是呀,表示赞同别人的观点（陈述语序）

Neither + be /助动词/ 情态动词+主语 …也不一样（用于否定句）

eg. He has been to Beijing. So have I.

It’s a fine day. So it is.

She doesn’t like eggs. Neither do I.

She is a student. So am I. 她是一个学生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是

She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。

She will go to school. So will he. 她将去学校，他也是。

23. take the test 参加考试

pass the test 通过考试 fail a test 考试失败

24. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事 have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事

如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chanc

e of going to Beijing. 25. at least 最少 at most 最多 26. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay

sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.

sth. cost (sb.) …… The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend …doing sth. She spent 10days reading this

book.

sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this boo

k.

27. have +时间段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off 28. reply to 答复某人 如：She replayed to MrGreen.

29. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei. 30. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍 如：

Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。

31. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv.

32. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句--------即 虚拟语气

通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态

所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的

话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件

句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：

句 型 谓语动词形式 条件从句 动词过去式(be动词用were) 主 句 would+动词原形 即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时

(主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时 如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.

如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take an umbrella.

假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你) I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)

33. a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 ⑴ a few 一些 修饰可数名词

a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者表肯定意义 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。

There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 ⑵ few 少数的 修饰可数名词

little 少数的 修饰不可数名词 但两者表否定意义