全新版大学英语第四册综合教程单词详解(3)

2）rather than 宁可，宁愿（表示主观选择）

常用结构：… would/had rather do … than (do/doing) sth. Rather than … would ….

… prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. (偶尔doing sth.)

e.g. He would rather sacrifice his life than see damage done to state property.

他宁可牺牲自己的生命，也不肯看到国家财产受到损失。

e.g. Rather than being punished, he should be rewarded. 他该受奖励，而不应该受惩罚。

e.g. He prefers to work rather than remain idle. 他宁愿工作，也不愿闲呆着。

3) as planned 是由as引导的方式状语从句，省略部分为as (it was) planned 3. The fifth was chosen for D-Day to allow a safety margin in case the attack needed

to be postponed.（lines．22-23）

6月5日被选定为进攻开始日，其用意是留下一个安全系数，以防万一进攻需要推迟。

此句中in case 引导的条件状语从句。注意比较in case of, in the case of, in this/that case, a case in point等。

2）postpone vt.推迟，使延期 （~ + sth.; ~ + doing sth.）

4. But an unusually stormy transition from spring toward summer that year held out

little hope that

there would be a suitable break in the weather（lines．25-27）

然而，当年春夏之交大风暴异乎寻常的多，想天气在这个当儿出现一个适合进攻的风平浪静的间隙，希望微乎其微。 1）but引导转折从句

2) that 引导的同位语从句，修饰hope. 3) little 表否定含义。

5. As a result, the paratroopers were scattered over a wide area and most missed their drop zones, some by as much as 20 miles. （lines．57-58） 结果伞兵降落过于分散，大多数人偏离了降落区域，有的偏离了20英里之多。 1)as a result 后为表示结果的语句。比较as a result of ,其后为表示原因的语句。 2) as much as为同级比较短语。

6. Never before had suck a fleet been assembled（lines．71-72） 以前从未调集过如此庞大的舰队。

1)此句为倒装句，正常语序为 such a fleet had never been assembled before。 2)Assemble vt. 聚集，集会

7. The German shore batteries that would have contested a landing in the original area would undoubtedly have taken a heavy toll. The landing at the new sector was virtually unopposed.（lines．104-106）

要是在原定地区登陆的话，德军海岸炮群无疑会拼命抵抗并给盟军造成惨重伤亡。在新防区的登陆几乎没有遭到任何抵抗。

1）在句中，定语从句that would have contested a landing in the original area修饰 batteries；

2）a heavy toll 伤亡惨重

8. Despite difficulties, Eisenhower‘s gamble with the elements was to pay off.

11

（lines．107-108）

尽管困难重重，艾森豪威尔在与恶劣天气的赌博中赢得了胜利。 1）在句中，despite ( in spite of) 引导让步状语。

2）pay off 成功，取得好成果; 全部偿清; 付清工资后解雇

e.g. Two years of business school really paid off. 在商业学校就读两年真是很合算。

e.g. You'll have to pay off your old loan before being allowed a new one. 你必须还清旧债，才能重新贷款。

e.g. The company has paid off some redundant employees. 公司在发放工资后解雇了一些多余的雇员。 六、自测复习

Text A

Old Words or Expressions

New Words or Expressions

prevent from doing sth. stand/get/be in the way (cause to) take part in sth. engage (sb.) in sth. take a risk take a gamble continue doing sth. in a determined way press on/ahead wait patiently for a chance bide one‘s time below zero, made less by minus with the loss of at the cost of take sb. by surprise catch sb. off guard stop completely bring to a halt because of thanks to be taken into consideration be reckoned with cause damage, injuries or deaths take its/a toll

大炮 Artillery 飞机 aircraft 军队 troop 舰队 fleet; Armada

渡海部队 Sea-borne troop 空降部队 airborne unit

空降兵 Paratrooper 伞降信号兵 pathfinder 军舰 naval vessel

骑兵中队 Cavalry squadron 舰炮轰击 Naval bombardment 骄兵必败 Pride comes before a fall 孤注一掷 take the gamble of doing sth. 侥幸的是 by a stroke of luck

措手不及 caught off guard by sth.

12

冰雪卫士 the icy defender

Text B

Old Words or Expressions

New Words or Expressions

so as to be safe if (sth.) happens helpful; showing approval because of cancel

endure without giving in; resist before

prevent from moving 诺曼底登陆

他很可能是对的 一切就绪 风平浪静

希望微乎其微 一丁点希望 意见不一 军事演习 降落区域 身体虚弱

出现了意想不到的好运 occurred

尽管困难重重 建立立足点

在法国境内长驱直入

七、四级和六级真题词汇链接

in case favorable due to call off withstand prior to pin down

the Normandy Landing he is likely to right.

everything was controlled calm sea little hope

a thin ray of hope opinions were divided a war-game exercise drop zone in poor shape

a strange stroke of good fortune despite difficulties establish a toehold

thrust on deep into France

1. _____ I admire David as a poet, I do not like him as a man. A) Much as C) If only B) Only if D) As much 2. When I go out in the evening I use the bike _____ the car if I can. A) rather than C) in spite of B) regardless of D) other than 3. In Britain , the best season of the year is probably ______spring.

A) late B) last C) latter D) later

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