有关情绪的英文表达

有关情绪的英文表达

2009/02/11

情绪（emotion）是一种心理（mental）与生理（physiological）的状态，包括许多种的感觉（feeling）、想法（thought）与行为（behaviour）。它是主观体验（subjective experience），经常与心绪（mood）、生性（temperament）、性格（personality）与倾向性（disposition）联系在一起。下面按照字母顺序简要介绍主要的情绪类型。每个词下面还有近义词，按照近义程度从上往下排列。

acceptance：指一个人感受到某种形式（situation）或条件（condition）【常常是负面的（negative）或不舒服的（uncomfortable）】，但不试图改变（change）、抗议（protest）或躲避（exit）。 toleration/sufference permissiveness/tolerance

affection：是一种常常与爱（love）有关的心态（disposition or state of mind），要高于友谊（friendship）或善意（good will）。例如小哥哥亲弟弟的脸来表达affection。

affectionateness/philia/warmness/warmheartedness/fondness/tenderness/heart：The child won everyone's heart. The warmness of his welcome made us feel right at home. feeling：I disliked him and the feeling was mutual. attachment/fond regard protectiveness

regard/respect：She mistook his manly regard for love. He inspires respect. soft spot：She had a soft spot for her youngest son.

anger：指愤怒的感觉，强度不等，可以是小的刺激（irritation）也可以是狂怒（rage）。 ire/choler/wrath/angriness emotion

fury/rage/madness：Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned. His face turned red with rage. enragement/infuriation umbrage/offense/offence huffiness

hackles/dander：Having one's hackles or dander up bad temper/ill temper vexation/annoyance/chafe

annoyance：一种不开心的（unpleasant）的精神状态，类似‘恼火’。如果经常出于这种状态，那么这种情况叫petulance。 botheration/irritation/vexation

mental condition/mental state/psychological condition/psychological state bummer：Having to stand in line so long was a real bummer. huff/miff/seeing red pinprick

impatience/restlessness snit：He was in a snit. vexation/chafe anger/ire/choler

temper/irritation/pique：His temper sparked like damp firewood.

frustration：Her constant complaints were the main source of his frustration. aggravation/exasperation

harassment/torment：So great was his harassment that he wanted to destroy his tormentors. displeasure

apathy：也叫impassivity或perfunctoriness，是一种无所谓（indifference）的心态，或者压抑自己的其它强烈情绪的状态。对很多事情缺乏兴趣（interest）或关注（concern），也可能是一种慵懒（sluggishness）或不敏感（insensibility）。例如，战争过后人们对死亡伤残的现象变得相对无动于衷。

emotionlessness/impassiveness/phlegm/stolidity/unemotionality/indifference listlessness/languor/lassitude spiritlessness/numbness/ passivity/passiveness

anxiety：一种不愉快的感觉，可能是因为恐惧（fear）、不安（uneasiness）或担忧（worry），类似‘焦虑’。它也是对压力（stress）的正常反应。例如面临考试的时候。 anxiousness

castration anxiety

hypochondria/hypochondriasis overanxiety scare/panic

discomfiture/discomposure/disconcertion/disconcertment worry/trouble concern/fear/scare disquiet insecurity

disquietude/edginess/inquietude/uneasiness sinking feeling/sinking misgiving/qualm/scruple

jitteriness/jumpiness/nervousness/restiveness angst

awe：是一种并不那么令人愉快的（joyous）的惊异（wonder），带有畏惧（fearful）与尊敬（respectful）。通常指面对力量强大的事物。例如在雷鸣般奔流而下的大瀑布或高耸的吉萨金字塔面前人们会感觉到awe，但在彩虹面前人们通常感受的是wonder或joy。 wonder/wonderment/admiration reverence/veneration/fear

boredom：在没事儿可做或者周围的事物毫无兴趣的时候人们的感觉，类似‘无聊’。 ennui/tedium dissatisfaction blahs fatigue

compassion：是一种比较深沉的（profound）的人类情感，通常由别人的痛苦（pain）引起，也是利他行为（altruism）的原因之一。这与孔子所说的‘恕’【己所不欲勿施于人（do to others as you would have done to you）】类似。比empathy层次高。 compassionateness

heartstrings

fellow feeling/sympathy

tenderheartedness/tenderness mercifulness/mercy pity

contempt：指认为某人或某物低贱（inferior/base）或毫无价值（worthless）的感觉或态度（attitude），与scorn类似。它大致相当于‘看不起’与‘藐视’。 dispite/disdain/scorn dislike disrespect

rudeness/discourtesy fleer

leer/sneer

disobedience/noncompliance contempt of court curiosity：指会引发探索性（inquisitive）行为的情感，例如探索（exploration）、调查（investigation）与学习（learning），相当于‘好奇’。 wonder

desire to know/lust for learning/thirst for knowledge interest/involvement

curiousness/inquisitiveness depression：包括悲伤（sadness）、无助（helplessness）、无望（hopeless）、无趣（loss of interest）、不快乐（loss of pleasure）以及其它相关的情绪与行为，类似‘压抑’或‘抑郁’。它对身体有害并可能影响大脑功能。极端情况可能导致自杀（suicide）。 melancholia

blue devils/megrims/vapors/vapours/blues blue funk/funk：He was in a funk. melancholy

slough of despond low spirits dejection

sadness/unhappiness

demoralisation/demoralization helplessness

despondence/despondency/disconsolateness/heartsickness oppressiveness/oppression dysphoria desire：也叫craving或hankering，指对某人或某物或某个结果的渴望（longing）或希望（hoping）。想到该对象就会兴奋，有采取行动的冲动。类似‘欲念’。 ambition/aspiration/dream bloodlust temptation craving

wish/wishing/want

longing/yearning/hungriness

concupiscence/physical attraction/sexual desire/eros itch/urge

caprice/whim/impulse tendency/inclination

hunger/thirst/thirstiness/hungriness greed

despair：也叫hopelessness，指无望。 desperation hopelessness

resignation/surrender

discouragement/disheartenment/dismay pessimism

disappointment：指期待（expectation）落空后的不满足感（dissatisfaction）。与regret类似，但regret主要指对造成不佳结果的个人选择而言，而disappointment是对结果而言的。类似‘失望’。 letdown

dissatisfaction：He was nev …… 此处隐藏：4940字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……