山东省聊城市2010—2011学年度高三第一学期期中考试 - 图文(2)

60．It may be inferred from the passage that __

A．the ditch was along a quiet country road B．the accident happened on a clear warm day

C．the police helped Mr．Johnson get out of the ditch D．Mr．Johnson had a tender wife and was well attended

B

Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day．―I was a clothes

addict,‖ he jokes．―I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．‖ Today David wears casual clothes – khaki pants and sports shirt – to the office．He hardly ever wears a necktie．―I‘m working harder than ever,‖ David says, ―and I need to feel comfortable．‖

More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work．In the United States．The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual．In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday （but only on Friday）．This became known as ―dress-down Friday‖ of ―casual Friday．‖ ―What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing．‖ said business consultant Maisly Jones．

Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it‘s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code．―A lot of young people don‘t want to dress up for work,‖ says the owner of a software company, ―so it‘s hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．‖ Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes．In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale．Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity．Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money．―Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,‖ one person said．―For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．‖

61．David Smith refers to himself as having been ―a clothes addict,‖ because ． A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt B．he couldn‘t stand a clean appearance

C．he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time D．he didn‘t want to spend much money on clothes

62．David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ．

A．they make him feel at ease when working B．he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes C．he looks handsome in casual clothes

D．he no longer works for any company

63．According to this passage, which of the following statements is false?

A．Many employees don‘t like a conservative dress code． B．comfortable clothes make employees more productive．

C．A casual clothes code is welcomed by young employees． D．All the employers in the U．S．are for casual office wear． 64．According to this passage, which of the following statements is true

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A．Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago．

B．Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s． C．―Dress-down Friday‖ was first given as a favor from employers． D．Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people．

56．In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned except ．

A．saving employees‘ money

B．making employees more attractive C．improving employees‘ motivation D．making employees happier

C

Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you‘re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you‘re holding a large glass of iced tea．The physical sensation（感觉） of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A．Bargh． Psychologists have known that one person‘s perception（感知）of another‘s ―warmth‖ is a powerful determiner in social relationships．Judging someone to be either ―warm‖ or ―cold‖ is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a ―cold‖ person may be more capable．Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies‘ conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness．Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth ―mother‖ rather than one made of wire, even when the wire ―mother‖ carried a food bottle．Harlow‘s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills． Feelings of ―warmth‖ and ―coldness‖ in social judgments appear to be universal．Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as ―warm‖ or ―cold‖ is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries．

To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students．A research assistant who was unaware of the study‘s hypotheses (假设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form: The drink was then handed back．After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of ―Person A‖ based on a particular description．Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink． ―We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,‖ says Bargh …… 此处隐藏：9784字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……