换言之 翻译教程 第一章 笔记

About the organization of this book

Chapter 2 initially adopts a naive building-block approach and explores the “meaning”of single words and expressions.

Chapter 3 the scope of reference in widened a little by looking at combinations of words and phrases:what happens when words start combining with other words to form conventionalized or semi-conventionalized stretches of language.

Chapter 4 deals with grammatical categories such as number and gender.

Chapter 5 deals with the role played by word order in structuring messages at text level

Chapter 6 discusses cohesion:grammatical and lexical relationships which provide links between various parts of a text

Chapter 5 and 6 cover part of what might be loosely termed the textual level of language.

Chapter 7 looks at how texts are used in communicative situations that involve variables such as writers, readers, and cultural context.

Back-translation involves taking a text(original or translated)which is written in a language with which the reader is assumed to be unfamiliar and translating it as literally as possible into English.

The author use the term back-translation because, since the source language is often English, this involves translating the target text back into the source language from which it was originally translated.