主谓一致讲解和练习

Subject-Verb Agreement 主谓一致

**主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。 主谓一致有三大原则：

主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。 1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况： He and I are students of this school. e.g.: The singer and dancer is going to give us a performance. ** 比较一下

The singer and dancer _is_ (be) going to give us a performance.

The singer and the dancer _are_ (be) going to give us a performance.

e.g.: The knife and fork is on the table.

A).表整体概念的并列结构：

bread and butter 黄油面包 knife and fork 刀叉 iron and steel 钢铁 law and order 治安 B).配套事物：

a watch and chain 一块带链的手表 a cart and horse 马车

a coat and tie 一件带领带的外套 a needle and thread 针线 2. 如果主语是不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。

What he is doing seems very important. Collecting stamps is his hobby.

To learn a foreign language well is not a difficult task. 3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you.

4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including, rather

than 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。 The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street.

is_ (be) at school. 即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。

1. 用连词or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接并列主语时，谓语动词应与最近的主语保持一致。

Neither you nor I __am__wrong. (be) Neither I nor you __are__ wrong. (be)

Not only the students but also the teacher __enjoys_____ listening to the music. (enjoy) Not only the teacher but also the students ___enjoy___ listening to the music. (enjoy) 2. 由here, there等引导的倒装句中，若主语不止一个时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。 Here comes the bus.

Here is a pen and two books for you. Here are two books and a pen for you.

3. 在表存在的there be 句式中，主语是两个或多个并列名词（短语），be的形式与最近的一个名词（短语）保持一致

There __is__ a pen, two pencils and several books on the desk. =There __are__ two pencils , a pen and several books on the desk.

are__ several books , a pen and two pencils on the desk.

所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式, 而是其实际意义。

1.集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。

His family __is__going out. (强调整体) His family __are__all music lovers. (强调成员)

2. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none, each作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。 All of the apples _are_rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。 All of the apple _is_rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。 ** Each of us __has___ a book. We each __have__ a book.

3. a lot of ; plenty of; the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of 在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。

Half of the students _have_finished their composition. Half of the apple _is_bad.

About 60 percent of the students in our school _are_boys. 4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。

The police are searching for a thief. The cattle are eating grass on the hill.

5. 复合不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing Someone is asking for you. Nothing is found in the room.

6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。如:

The pair of shoes is worn out. The shoes are worn out.

7. 某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。 Physics is a very interesting subject.

8. every... and every ...; each ... and each ...; no ... and no ... 在以上短语中and连接的单数名词, 整个短语在句中作主语时, 谓语动词常使用单数。

Each man and each woman is asked to attend.

Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent. No sound and no voice is heard.

9. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 A number of new books are on the desk. The number of students in your class is 50.

10. 有些名词的单数和复数形式一样, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。

Not every means is useful. Not all means are useful.

11. many a, more than one, one and a half与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。 Many a boy has seen it. 12. 书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。 Thirty years is not a long time. Roots is a famous American novel.

13. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等 The blind study in special school.

A large quantity of people is needed here. Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table. 练习：

1. But I know the government ________ his invention. A. …… 此处隐藏：5331字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……