[原创]2015年《南方新高考》英语 第三部分 第2讲 句子种类 [配套

第2讲

句子种类

一、句子按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感

叹句1.陈述句(Declarative Sentences):说明一个事实或陈述一 种看法。如： Light travels faster than sound.

The film is rather boring.

2.疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):提出问题。有以下四种： (1)一般疑问句(General Questions)。如：Can you finish the work in time?

(2) 特殊疑问句(W Questions; H Questions) 。如：Where do you live? How do you know that? (3)选择疑问句(Alternative Questions)。如：Do you want tea or coffee? (4)反意疑问句(Tag Questions)。如：He doesn't know her, does he? “前肯后否”或“前否后肯”。 3.祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出请求，建议或发出 命令。如：

Add up all the numbers, and you will know the result.Seize the chance or you will regret.

(Do) Listen to the teacher carefully. (Do) Be careful in your work. Get washed as soon as possible. Get dressed and wait for me downstairs. Let me take your blood pressure. Let's drink success to you. The women carrying babies, come in first.

You be quiet!

4.感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、 愤怒等情绪，由 how 或 what 引导。what 修饰名词， how 修饰 形容词、副词、动词。 口语中， what 或 how 引导的感叹句可

省略主语和谓语。如：How blue (the sky is)! How quickly you walk! How great a musician he is! How wonderful a time we ever had together! How I long for those days! How time flies!

What a size (it is)!What fun it is! What colors they were!

What a fine voice she has!What an interesting story it is!

What delightful weather we are having!What good news it is! What silly questions you asked!

What simple questions they are!

二、句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句、复合句

1.简单句：只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。如： He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. 2.并列句：由并列连词(and, but, or 等)或分号(;)把两个或 两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。如： You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous.前途是光明的，道路 是曲折的。

归纳 并列句的分类： (1)表示连接两个同等概念，常用 and, not only...but also..., both...and..., neither...nor...等连接。如： The teacher's name is Smith, and the student's name is John. (2)表示选择，常用的连词有 or, or else, either...or..., otherwise

等。如：Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.

(3)表示转折，常用的连词有 but, however, yet, while 等。如：

(4)表示因果关系，常用的连词有 so, for, therefore 等。如： August is the time of the year for rice harvest, so every day I

work from dawn until dark.

3.复

合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：

名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。如： The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. The book is what I am looking for. I still remember the days that I spent in the village.

【活学活用】一、判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句。 I hope you are very well ( ( ) . I'm fine, but tired

).Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping ).August is the hottest month here

my Dad on the farm ( (

).It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I ) . Sometimes we go on

work from dawn until dark (

working after dark by the lights of our tractors (

) .We

grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is

colder they grow wheat (the farm (

).We have a lot of machines on

).Although the farm is large, my Dad has only ).But he employs more men

two men working for him ( for the harvest ( garden ( ( ( ( garden (

).My brother takes care of the vegetable) . It doesn't often rain in the summer here

) .As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden

) . Every evening we pump water from a well) .It then runs along channels to different parts of the

).

(

Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time ).These parties often make us very happy ( ).

We cook meat on an open fire outside ( ) . It's great ( )! Americans eat a lot of meat—too much in my opinion ( ).Some of my friends drink beer ( ).I don't, because I have to drive home after the party ( ) .In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States ( ) . There are five different time areas in the States ( ( ( ).In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time ).How many different time areas do you have in China )? Well, I must stop and get some sleep ( Please give my best regards to your parents ( ). ).

I hope you are very well ( 复合句) .I'm fine, but tired ( 简单句).Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad

on the farm (并列句).August is the hottest month here (简单句).It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark (并列句).Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors (简单句).We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat (并列 句，复合句).We have a lot of machines on the farm (简单句). Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for

him (复合句).But he employs more men for the harvest (简单句).

My brother takes care of the vegetable garden (简单句).It doesn'toften rain in the summer here ( 简单句) .As a result, we have to

water the vegetable garden ( 简 单 句 ) . Every evening we pumpwater from a well (简单句).It then

runs along channels to different

parts of the garden (简单句). Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time(简单句).These parties often make us very happy (简单句).We cook meat on an open fire outside ( 简单句) .It's great ( 简单句)!

Americans eat a lot of meat—too much in my opinion (简单句). Some of my friends drink beer (简单句).I don't, because I have …… 此处隐藏：4173字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……