Literature of The Neoclassical Period(英国新古典主义时期)

The Neoclassical Period(1660~1785)

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Background of Neoclassicism The Bourgeois Revolution(资产阶级革命)

The Restoration(王朝复辟)

The Glorious Revolution(光荣革命) The Industrial Revolution (工业革命)

Representatives1. John Milton(约翰 弥尔顿) 2. Alexander Pope(亚历山大 蒲柏) 3. Jonathan Swift(乔纳森 斯威夫特) 4.Daniel Defoe(丹尼尔 笛福)

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John Milton(1608~1674)

English poet,pamphleteer and historian. The most significant English author after William Shakespeare. Twin poems: L'Allegro(1645) 《快乐的人》

——Describe respectively the cheerful social mood and the meditative solitary mood of the poet.Masterpiece: Epic: Paradise Lose (1667) 《失乐园》

Il Penseroso(1645) 《幽思的人》

Pamphlets(小册子):Areopagitica(1644) 《论出版自由》

Paradise Regained (1671) 《复乐园》 Poetic: Samon Agonistes (1671)《力士参孙》

■Alexander Pope (1688~1744) The greatest English poet of the classical school in the first half of the 1 8th century. The first English poet who could live off the sales of his works alone. Pope's works were once considered part of the mental furniture of the welleducated people. Poem: ——His first major contribution to the literary world. Other poems:

An Essay on Criticism (1711) 《批评论》

——His most popular poem,which reveals the idle vanity of court life.Moral Essays (1731~1735)《道德论》

The Rape of Lock (1712,1714)《夺发记》

An Essay on Man (1734)《人论》The Dunciad (1742)《愚人志》 Translation:

(Homer) Iliad (1720)《伊利亚特》Odyssey (1726)《奥德赛》

■ Johathan swift(1667~1745) Swift is generally considered the greatest prose satirist in English literature. Swift was a man of great moral integrity and social charm. Gulliver's Travels (1726) 《格列佛游记》 ——an unparalleled satirical depiction of vice,folly and

mere weaknesses of mankind. Yahoo(雅虎) ——a creature representing the human race,is inferior

to and governed by a noble breed of reasoning and high-minded horses.

■Daniel Defoe(1660~1731) English pamphleteer, journalist and novelist. One of the progenitors of the English novel. Defoe is generally considered the first great realistic novelist in English fiction

Robinson Crusoe(1719)《鲁滨逊漂流记》 Captain Singleton(1721)《辛格顿船长》 Moll Flanders (1722)《摩尔弗兰德斯》

NextThe Romantic Period(1798~1832)

Gulliver makes voyages,which are described in the four parts of the book.

Lilliput

BrobdingnagLaputa Houyhnhnms Back

Lilliput——the land of tiny people

"When bending my eyes downward as much as I could,I perceived a human not six inches high!"

Back

Brobdingnag——the land of giants

On the whole,the Brobdingnagians are good-natured creatures,and they

treat Gulliver kindly,though they are amused by his tiny size and looked upon him as a plaything.

Back

Laputa——the island of Sorcerers

He soon embarks on his third voyage to the flying island of Laputa, a city that floats in the sky, and to Glubbdubdrib, the Island of Sorcerers.

Houyhnhnms——the land governed by horses

Once again Gulliver returns to England before a final journey,to the land of the Houyhnhnm.

Introduction: It is the most famous tale of a shipwreck and solitary survival in literature. The story:Describes how Robinson, a 18-century middleclass tradesman,experienced his romantic life on a wild island for 28 years.

The theme:

Celebrates the 18th-century Western civilization's material triumphs and the strength of human rational will to conquer the natural environment.

Character analysis:

The character Robinson is not common sailor.He is a businessman who takes overseas business as his cause. Robinson is a bourgeosie with adventurous spirit. Robinson is a bourgeoisie of practical spirit.