新人教必修一Unit 2 English around the world-Grammar[课件]

人教课标版高一 必修 1

Unit 2

Grammar

复习 (把下列直接引语改为间接引语)

1. He said: “I’ve left my pen inmy room.”→ He told me that he had left his book in his room. 2. She said: “He will be busy.”→ She said that he would be busy.

3. She said to Tom, “Can you helpme?”→

She asked Tom if/whether he couldhelp her.

复习规律 1. 陈述句的间接引语—连接词用that, 在口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told, 等。例如： He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.” → He told me that he had left his book in his room.

2. 疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接 词用if或whether,而引述选择疑问句时 只能用whether,引述动词用asked,没 有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me, him等。 例如：

She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”→ She asked Tom if /whether he could

help her.

3. 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接 词，改为陈述语序。例如： The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?”→ The

teacher asked me how I had repaired it.

4.如何变时态：

直接引语一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 一般过去时 现在完成时 过去完成时

间接引语一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时

如：1) She said. “I have lost a pen.”

→She said she had lost a pen.2) She said. “We hope so.”

→She said they hoped so. →She said he would go to see hisfriend.

3) She said. “He will go to see his friend.”

但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直 接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般 不变化。

(1) 直接引语是客观真理。 “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.

(2) 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某 月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时, 时态不变。 Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.

(3) 直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况 仍然存在的,变间接引语时, 时态 保持不变。 The boy said to us, “ I usually get up The boy told us he usually gets → at six every day.” up at six every day.

(4) 若直接引语中含有when, since, while 等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句, 变间接引语时,从句时态不变。如： She said, “I went there when I was six years old.”

→ She said she had gone there whenshe was six years old.

(5) 若直接引语的谓语中含有would, should, might, must, used to, ought to, had better等动词时。如： She said, “We should help each other.” → She said we should help each other.

5.如何变状语： 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其 内在规律，时间状语由“现在”改为 “原来”例: now变

为then, yesterday变 为 the day before, today变为that day。 地点状语, 尤其表示方向性的, 或用指 示代词修饰的状语, 由“此”改为“彼”