现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 1

英语课件

The Present Perfect Tense

一.表示动作发生在过去的某个不确定时间，但对现在 留下了某种影响或结果，

e.g.:I have already had lunch我已经吃了午饭。(现在不饿了)

二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作 或事情,这个动作可能仍将进行下去，也可能刚停止。

eg:1. He has taught here since 1981.他自从1981年就在这里教书了。

2. I haven’t seen you for four years.我有4年没见到过你了。

三.表示曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历.(曾经 发生过的一次或多次动作，现在已成为一种经验。)

e.g.:1. Have you ever been to the Summer Palace?你曾去过颐和园吗?

2. I have never had a car.我从未有过汽车。

现在完成时与一 般过去时的区别

相同点：现在完成时和一般过去时的动作都是发 生在过去。 不同点：

1、现在完成时是现在的时态(因此可能与now, this morning等表现在的时间连用)一般过去时是过去的时态。 2、现在完成时注意的不是动作本身，而是强调动 作与现在保持的某种密切联系(如现在的结果， 影响,一直延续到现在等) 而一般过去时，则只表示发生在过去的动作和事 情与现在没有关系。

eg : 1. He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他已经买了一本英汉字典。 eg:2. He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “过去他买 了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典” 。 第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一 事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。

二.当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不 用现在完成时，而用一般过去时:eg:1. I saw the film on television yesterday . 但since(自…以来)+某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的 从句总是与现在完成时连用。 eg:1. They have known each other since 1950 . 2. Since he was a child,he has lived in England.

三.常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语 yesterday(昨天), just now(刚才),时间+ ago,last +时间 ; in 1998, once upon a time, the other day(前几天) eg: 1. The plane took off ten minutes ago 飞机十分钟前起飞了。 eg: 2. We finished our task last week .

我们上周完成了我们的任务。

四.常与现在完成时连用的表示到现在为止这段 时间的词.短语或从句: so far (到现在为止),up to (till,until,by)now直到现在， lately(最近),recently, yet ,since+过去时间或叙述过去事 情的从句。for+时间段，just, yet, ever, already, in the last (past)15 years, before(单独使用时) eg:1. The weather has been hot so far this summer

到目前为止，今夏天气一直很热。2. I h

aven’t seen her yet . 我还未见到过她。

PART B:EXERCISES

一.Find the choice : 1.When I was at school,I_______to the library every day. A.go B.was going C.have gone D.went 2.The new books_______yet. A.haven’t arrived B.has’t arrived C.didn’t arrive D.don’t arrive 3.____you ever_______to shanghai. A.Haven’t arrived B.Hasn’t arrived C.Didn’t arrived D.Have…been

4.He_______his lunch. A.had B.have had C.has had D.ate 5.For years,doctors________millions of patients lives with the help of microscopes. A.saved C.has saved B.have saved D.were saving

6.I was so happy to see John again

last Sunday .We ______each otherfor more than two years. A.haven’t seen B.hadn’t seen

C.didn’t seeA.have learned C.has learned

D.hasn’t seenB.learned D.were having

7.We ______three lessons this month.

8.I______to Paris several times.A.went B.have gone

C.have been

D.was going

9.Alice _______ in china for ten years. A. has lived B.have lived

C.lived

D.has live

10.My uncle ____in this city since

1980.

A.livesC.has lived

B.have livedD.lived

11.By now old Wang ____in that

factory for twenty years.A.have worked C.works B.worked D.has worked

12.Christianity(基督教) has become a worldwide religion(宗教) since it____almost two years ago. A. begin B.begins C.began D. has begin 13.Shakespeare ____many plays such as Hamlet,and Romeo And Juliet. A.writes B.have written

C.wrote

D.has written