Chapter 11 Applied linguistics(1)

Chapter 11 Applied Linguistics

By ZHANG Ming Fang School of Foreign Languages

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I. Introduction II. Individual differences in SLA III. Input in SLA IV. Interlanguage Analysis V. Foreign language teaching approaches

I. Introduction

1870, “Applied Linguistics” by Baudouin de Courtenay; 1946, College of the English Language in Michigan University (how to teach English to foreigners), 《Language Learning》with the subtitle “Applied linguistics”; 1964, The 1st International Applied Linguistics Conference in France; (AILA) 2011, (23-28 August),the 16th AILA (International

Association of Applied Linguistics) .

The University's Old College building as it currently stands It

was founded first at the University of Edinburgh School of Applied Linguistics in 1956. The

Academic Ranking of World Universities 2008 [ARWU] ranked the University of Edinburgh as follows: 6th in the UK 13th in Europe 55th in the world4

Linguistics and English Language The University of Edinburgh School of Philosophy, Psychology & Language Sciences

The Institute for Applied Language Studies, which opened in 1979, is part of the University of Edinburgh and the largest university centre of its kind in the UK.

Research Assessment Exercise ranks Edinburgh best in UK for percentage of research work that is of world-leading quality, and largest concentration of linguistics scholarship in the country.6

University of Michagan John Swales (ESP and Corpus linguistics) Susan Gelman (cognitive development; language acquisition; categorization; inductive reasoning; causal reasoning; and relationships between language and thought)

1.1 Definition of Applied LinguisticsCorder 1974

Crystal 1985

Richards 1985

Steven 199212

Corder 1974AL is the utilization of the knowledge about the nature of language achieved by linguistic research for the improvement of the efficiency of some practical task in which language is a central component.13

Crystal 1985AL is a branch of linguistics where the primary concern is the application of linguistic theories, methods and findings to the elucidation of language problems which have arisen in other areas of experience.

Richards et al. 1985AL covers two main points: 1. The study of second and foreign language learning and teaching. 2. The study of language and linguistics in relation to practical problems.15

Steven 1992AL is a multidisciplinary approach to the solution of language-related problems.The problems it attempts to solve include speech pathology, machine translation, national language planning policy, various facets of communication research and many others.16

HU Zhuang Lin 2004Applied Linguistics (AL) serves as a mediating area which interprets the results of linguistic theories and makes them user friendly to the language teacher and learner.

AL is a branch of linguisti

cs which takes a multidiciplinary approach to language related problems by the use of linguistics thoeries or findings. Broad sense: second and foreign language learning and teaching. Narrow sense: other language related problems

1.2 EFL and ESLEFL ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

ESL ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE

Learning English in a community that doesn t speak English.

Leaning English in a place where it is the spoken language.