硕士学位论文—基于三维激光扫描的桥梁监测方法研究 - 图文(2)

Abstract

Abstract

In recent years, the progress of the 3D laser scanning technology is changing with each passing day.3D Laser Scanner is a crucial measurement tool in the Geodesy and Engineering surveying, and it is applied widely in the fields of medicine、cultural relic protection、civil engineering、computer vision and traffic planning etc. As the technology of 3D laser scanner producing and the software of data processing developed mature increasingly, using the system of 3D laser scanning to deformation monitoring for the buildings、side slope and diggings is very important for the safe prediction and production guidance. In this paper, we use the techniques of 3D laser scanning in the deformation monitoring of bridge. The main research content of the dissertation includes:

(1) The recent backgrounds in the ways of data processing and deformation monitoring applications of 3D laser scanning techniques are reviewed in detail, then proposes the main research content and technical route.

(2) The classification of terrestrial laser scanning system are introduced ; some of important 3D laser scanner’s performance index parameters are listed; The fundamental of three types of typical 3D laser scanners based the Time of Flight range finder、interferometry and laser triangulation are introduced in the dissertation; The experiment instrument which is about Trimble GXTM 3d laser scanning system is introduced including composition、software function and support data formats.

(3) The main influence factors of point cloud accuracy are detailed analysis, such as scanning distance、angle、target reflector surface roughness、edge effects、laser beam and external environment etc are discussed, and then a method to improve access data quality is proposed in the dissertation.

(4) The scheme of bridge deformation monitoring is designed which is how to use terrestrial 3D laser scanning system, and the steps of get point cloud data acquisition is given. The point cloud denoising、coordinate transformation of feature points and point cloud registration are realized through the programming and RealWorks Survey.

(5) The bridge subsidence is analyzed by the method of fitting of surface, the experiment results show that: the mathod can better to reflect the uneven settlement and surface relative change of the bridges; The ICP registration algorithm is realized by programming and then the surface deformation is extracted by the registration of two stage scanning data. The experiment results show that this method can accurately extract surface tiny deformation of the bridge. Key words：3D laser scanning technology; bridge; point cloud data; deformation monitoring; surface fitting; ICP registration algorithm;

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目 录

目 录

摘 要.............................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. II 目 录........................................................................................................................... III 第一章 绪论 ................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 课题研究背景及意义 ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 国外研究现状 ................................................................................................................. 3 1.2.2 国内研究现状 ................................................................................................................. 5 1.2.3 当前研究的不足 ............................................................................................................. 7 1.3 本文主要研究内容及技术路线 ............................................................................................ 7 1.3.1 本文研究内容 ................................................................................................................. 7 1.3.2 本文技术路线 ................................................................................................................. 8 1.4 论文组织结构 ...................................................................................................................... 10

第二章 三维激光扫描系统及影响点云精度因素分析 ........................................... 11

2.1 地面三维激光扫描系统分类及性能指标 .......................................................................... 11 2.1.1 地面三维激光扫描系统分类 ....................................................................................... 11 2.1.2 地面三维激光扫描仪性能指标 ................................................................................... 13 2.2 地面三维激光扫描系统原理 .............................................................................................. 14 2.2.1 三维激光扫描系统的组成 ........................................................................................... 14 2.2.2 地面三维激光扫描系统原理 ....................................................................................... 15 2.3 实验仪器介绍 ...................................................................................................................... 18 2.3.1 Trimble GXTM三维激光扫描系统介绍 ........................................................................ 18 2.3.2 Trimble GXTM三维激光扫描系统软件 ........................................................................ 19 2.3.3 Trimble GXTM三维激光扫描数据格式 ........................................................................ 21 2.4 影响点云精度因素分析 ................................................ …… 此处隐藏：10331字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……