智能充电器控制电路

摘 要

电子信息技术的快速发展使得各种各样的电子产品不断涌现，并朝着便携和小型轻量化的趋势发展，这也使得更多的电气化产品采用基于电池的供电系统。目前，较多使用的电池有镍镉、镍氢、铅蓄电池和锂电池，由于它们各自的优缺点使得它们在相当长的时期内将共存发展。由于不同类型的电池的充电特性不同，目前通常对不同类型，甚至不同电压、容量等级的电池使用不同的充电器，但这在实际使用中有诸多不便。本课题设计的是一种基于单片机的锂离子电池智能充电器的控制系统，在设计上，选择了简洁、高效的硬件、设计稳定可靠的软件，详细说明系统的硬件组成，包括单片机电路，充电控制电路、电压转换电路及光耦隔离电路，并对本设计中的MAX1898充电芯片、AT89C2051单片机进行了较详细的介绍，来说明智能充电器的控制系统的实现。

关键词: 单片机 ；智能充电器 ；锂电池；AT89C2051

武汉科技大学本科毕业设计

Abstract

Electronic information technology’s fast development causes various electronic products develops toward portable and the small lightweight direction. It also causes the more electrification products to use based on battery’s power supply system. At present, more use of a nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel hydrogen, lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries, as their respective advantages and disadvantages of allowing them for a long period of time will be the development of coexistence. Because the different type battery’s charge characteristic is different, usually to different type, even different voltage, capacity rank battery use different battery charge, but this has many inconvenience in the actual use. This topic design is one kind lithium ion battery intelligent charger which is based on Single Chip, in the design, it has chosen succinctly, the highly effective hardware, the design stable reliable software, explained in detail system’s hardware composition. Including the monolithic integrated circuit electric circuit, the charge control electric circuit, the voltage transformation and the light pair isolating circuit, and to this design –MAX1898 charge chip, at 89C2051 monolithic integrated circuit has carried on the detailed introduction. At this introduction, it illustrates the intelligent charger control system how to achieve.

Key words: Single Chip; Intelligent charger; Lithium batteries; AT89C2051

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武汉科技大学本科毕业设计

目 录

1 绪论 ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 课题研究的现状、背景及意义 ................................................................... 1 1.1.1 国外电池控制系统的研究现状 ............................................................... 1 1.1.2 国内电池控制系统的研究现状 ............................................................... 1 1.2 本课题研究的目的及意义.......................................................................... 2 2 锂电池充放电特性和充电方法的研究............................................................... 3 2.1 锂电池的现状及发展趋势.......................................................................... 3 2.1.1 Li-SO2电池 ......................................................................................... 3 2.1.2 Li-(CFx)n电池 ................................................................................... 3 2.1.3 Li-SOC12电池 ...................................................................................... 4 2.1.4 Li-MnO2电池 ........................................................................................ 5 2.2 锂电池的原理及特点 ................................................................................ 6 2.3 锂离子电池的各种充电方式 ...................................................................... 7 2.3.1.恒流充电方式 ....................................................................................... 7 2.3.2 恒压充电方式 ...................................................................................... 7 2.3.3 浮云充电方式 ...................................................................................... 8 2.3.4 涓流充电方式 ...................................................................................... 8 2.3.5 分阶段充电方式................................................................................... 9 2.4 充电器的特点及发展 .............................................................................. 10 2.5 充电控制技术........................................................................................ 12 2.5.1 快速充电器介绍................................................................................. 12 2.5.2 快速充电终止控制方法 ....................................................................... 13 3 智能充电器控制系统的硬件设计 ................................................................... 16 3.1 单片机电路部分 .................................................................................... 16 3.2 充电控制电路部分 ................................................................................. 20 3.2.1 如何选择充电器充电芯片 .................................................................... 20 3.2.2 芯片MAX1898的特点 .......................................................................... 20 3.2.3 MAX1898的充电工作原理..................................................................... 22

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武汉科技大学本科毕业设计

3.3 充电控制电路的实现 .............................................................................. 26 3.4 电压转换及光电隔离器 ........................................................................... 25 4 智能充电器控制系统的软件设计 ................................................................... 28 4.1 系统主程序 ........................................................................................... 28 4.2 主要变量说明........................................................................................ 28 4.3 程序流程图 .......................................... …… 此处隐藏：5201字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……