沈阳复读生课外补习_2013高考英语特殊句式

特殊句式

考点一主谓一致

1．people，cattle等集体名词作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数形式，但family，class，team，group，public等集体名词作主语时，如果把它们作为一个整体看待，谓语动词应用单数形式；如果强调的是个体成员，谓语动词应用复数形式。

The flooded family is made up of ten people，so the clothing is badly needed.

遭受洪灾的家庭由十人组成，因此衣服十分紧缺。

2．如果主语由―more than one＋n.‖或―many a＋n.‖构成，谓语动词用单数形式；如果主语由―more＋复数名词＋than one‖构成，谓语动词一般用复数形式。

More than one boy likes to play basketball while many a girl is good at playing baseball.

不止一个男孩喜欢打篮球然而不止一个女生善长打棒球。

3．由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。

Either you or your secretary has to check over the speech draft and correct the mistakes.

要么是你要么是你的秘书必须检查一下演讲稿并把错误改过来。

4．如果主语后面带有as well as，as much as ，no less than，along with，with，like，rather than，together with，but，except，besides，including，in addition to等引导的短语时，句中谓语动词的单复数取决于主语的单复数。

Dr.Smith，together with his wife and daughters，is going to visit Beijing this summer.(2009年高考陕西卷)

Dr.Smith将在今年夏天和妻子女儿们一起游览北京。

In my opinion，he rather than you，is to blame.

依我看来，他，而不是你该受遣责。

5．单复数同形的名词作主语时，应根据名词的意义来确定谓语动词的单、复数形式。Every necessary means has been used to protect milu deer which are very valuable to us.As a result，the number of the milu deer is increasing.

人们采取了各种必要的措施来保护麋鹿，这种措施对我们来说很有价值，因此麋鹿的数量正在增长。

6．由each，every，no所修饰的作主语的名词即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数形式。Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the English evening party to be held on Saturday.

每个女生和男生希望参加星期天举办的英语晚会。

考点二强调句型

1．强调句的基本句型是―It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分‖。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。

It is only children who make such stupid mistakes.

只有孩子才会犯这样愚蠢的错误。

It was because her mother was ill that she didn't come to school yesterday.

是因为她妈妈病了，她昨天才没来上学的。

2．强调句型的一般疑问句只需将is/was提前，特殊疑问句的结构是―疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that 从句‖。

Was it yesterday that you met your teacher in the street?

你是昨天在大街上碰到你老师的吗？

Who was it that told you such a thing?

究竟是谁告诉你这件事的？

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Why was it that you didn't come to the meeting yesterday?

究竟是为什么你昨天没有来开会？

3．―It was not until...that...‖这个句型强调时间状语。

It was not until his father came in that the boy began to prepare his lessons.

直到他爸爸进来时，那个男孩才开始准备功课。

考点三倒装

1．完全倒装

(1)表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语，如here，there，now，then，up down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等，置于句首时，完全倒装。

Be quick！Here comes the bus.快点！公共汽车来了。

For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together.(2009年高考福建卷)

那会儿，什么都没发生。之后大家一起欢呼起来。

【温馨提示】上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。

Away they went.他们走了。

Over it turns! 它翻过来了。

(2)表语＋连系动词＋主语(表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)

Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests.

出席会议的有怀特教授，史密斯教授还有许多其他客人。

(3)such＋be＋主语

Such are the facts，no one can deny them.

这些就是事实，没有人可以否认。

2．部分倒装

(1)So/Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词＋主语(表示前一句中的内容也适合另一人或另一事物) Lily can't play table tennis. Neither can I.

莉莉不会打乒乓球。我也不会。

(2)否定副词never，nor，not，hardly，little，seldom，scarcely，rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time，under/in no circumstances，in no case，by no means，on no condition等置于句首时。

John talked with me for about an hour yesterday.Never had I heard him talk so much.

约翰昨天和我谈了约一个小时，在那之前，我从未听过他说那么多话。

By no means should you lose heart.你决不应该失去信心。

(3)hardly...when...，no sooner...than...，not only...but also...等引导两个分句时，前一个分句用部分倒装，后一个分句不变。

Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.

他一听到这个消息就哭了。

The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only was teachers' energy saved，but students became more interested in the lessons.电脑被应用于教学中，结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对课堂感兴趣了。

(4)在so/such...that...句型中，若so/such...提到句首时。

So difficult did I find it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.

我觉得这个问题太难解决了以至于决定向汤姆征求建议。

Such great progress did he make that he was praised.

他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。

(5)当―only＋状语(副词、介词短语或从句)‖置于句首时。

Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.

只有在我朋友来了之后，电脑才修好。

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(6)用于as引导的让步状语从句中(表语/状语/动词原形＋as＋主语)。

Child as he was，he made a living by himself.

尽管他是个孩子，他却得自己谋生。

Try as he would，he might fail again.

尽管他还会试，但可能还会失败。

考点四省略

1．在when，while，whenever，till，as soon as，if，unless，as if，though，as等引导的状语从句中，若谓语有be动词，而主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it时，从句的主语和be常被省略。

Unless(I am)invited，I won't go to the party.

除非被邀请，否则我是不会去参加那个派对的。

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