冬奥会和冰雪体育娱乐项目英语词汇

冰雪工程 ice and snow sports

Beijing is planning to list ice and snow sports as a compulsory course for pr imary and middle school students, announced by municipal authorities at t he 2016 International Winter Sports (Beijing) Exposition on Thursday. The authority is hoping the students can do at least one type of winter spo rt in the future. 体育局领导表示，未来要让每个孩子掌握至少一项冬季运动技能。

今年以来，冰雪运动工程（ice and snow sports）在北京受到了空前的关注和扶持。目前北京市已经有20处室内冰场（indoor ice rinks）和20片季节性的室外冰场（outdoor ice rinks），到2022年，全市将新建标准室内冰场16座，室外冰场50座。根据北京市冰雪产业的发展布局，雪场（ski resorts）将主要分布在郊区，城六区将主要新建冰场。学校的课程一般分为必修课（compulsory course）和选修课（optional course）。北京市计划将冰雪运动列入必修课内容意味着未来全体北京中小学生必须修习一项冰雪运动并且掌握该技能。对于像冰球（hockey）等修习成本较高的冰雪工程，政府将提供资金支持。

滑冰英语词汇

短跑道速度滑冰:Short Track Speed Skating 装备:手套 Gloves 头盔Helmet 护颈 Neck Protection 连身服 Racing Suit 护腿板 Shin Protection 冰鞋 Boots 冰刀 Blades 花样滑冰:单人滑

Single Skating 双人滑Pair Skating冰舞 Ice Dance 速度滑冰:Speed Skating

冰上工程5个大项：

速度滑冰 Speed skating

【Speed skating】 is a competitive form of ice skating in which the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distanceon skates. Types of speed skating are long track speed skating, short track speed skating, and marathon speed skating. In the Olympic Games, long-track speed skating is usually referred to asjust "speed skating", while short-track speed skating is known as "short track". The ISU, the governing body of both ice sports, refers to long track as "speed skating" and short track as"short track skating".

短道速滑 Short Track

【Short track】 speed skating is only about 100 years old and a product of North America. Speedskating, however, dates back to 13th century Holland.

Short track speed skating originated in Canada and the United States in 1905 with the first known competition having taken place in 1909. By the 1920s and 30s, the sport was gaining popularity in Great Britain, Japan, France, Belgium and Australia.

While short track speed skating became part of the International Skating Union (ISU) in 1967, itwasn't until 1976 that official ISU competitions began.

花样滑冰 Figure Skating

【Figure skating】 is a sport and activity in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figureskates on ice. It was the first winter sport

included in the Olympics, in 1908. The four Olympic disciplines are

men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating and four skating. From intermediate through senior-level competition,skaters generally perform two programs (short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals, and other elements ormoves.

冰球 Ice Hockey

【Ice hockey】 is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams ofskaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubberpuck into their opponent's net to score points.Ice hockey teams usually consist of four lines of three forwards, three pairs of defensemen, and two goaltenders. Normally, each team has five players who skate up and down the ice trying totake the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.

冰壶Curling

【Curling】 is a sport in which players slide stones on a sheet of ice towards a target area which is segmented into four concentric circles. It is related to bowls, boules and shuffleboard. Two teams,each with four players, take turns sliding heavy, polished granite stones, also called rocks, acrossthe ice curling sheet towards the house, a circular target marked on the ice. Each team has eightstones. The purpose is to accumulate the highest score for a game。 points are scored for thestones resting closest to the centre of the house at the conclusion of

each end, which is completed when both teams have thrown all of their stones. A game usually consists of eight or ten ends.

雪上工程10个大项：

冬季两项Biathlon

越野滑雪 Cross Country

高山滑雪 Alphine Skiing

北欧两项 Nordic Combined

跳台滑雪 Ski Jumping

自由式滑雪 Freestyle Skiing

单板滑雪 Snowboarding

有舵雪橇 Bobsled*无舵雪橇 Luge

* 有舵雪橇，也有的翻译成“雪车”

俯式冰橇 Skeleton**** 俯式冰橇，也有的翻译成“钢架雪车”

速降 downhill

冬季奥运会体育工程中英文对照

1 大项名称：冬季两项（Biathlon）*

包括10个小项，10块金牌中，男子工程5块，女子工程5块

1 男子20公里个人赛 Men's 20 km Individual

2 男子10公里竞速赛** Men's 10 km Sprint

3 男子12.5公里追逐赛 Men's 12.5 km Pursuit

4 男子4x7.5公里接力 Men's 4x7.

5 km Relay

5 男子15公里集体出发赛 Men's 15 km Mass Start

6 女子15公里个人赛 Women's 15 km Individual

7 女子7.5公里竞速赛** Women's 7.5 km Sprint

8 女子10公里追逐赛 Women's 10 km Pursuit

9 女子4x6公里接力 Women's 4x6 km Relay

10 女子12.5公里集体出发赛 Women's 12.5 km Mass Start

* 冬季两项中的两项，指越野滑雪和射击

** 竞速赛，又译“短距离”

2 大项名称：越野滑雪(Cross Country Skiing)

共计包括12个小项，12块金牌中，男子工程6块，女子工程6块

女子15公里（7.5+7.5）追逐赛 Ladies' 15 km Pursuit (7.5+7.5)

女子团体 Ladies' Team Sprint

女子古典式10公里* Ladies' 10 km Classical

女子4*5公里接力 Ladies' 4x5 km Relay

女子竞速赛** Ladies' Sprint

女子30公里自由式集体出发 Ladies' 30 km Free, Mass start

男子30公里（15+15）追逐赛 Men's 30 km Pursuit (15+15)

男子团体 Men's Team Sprint

男子古典式15公里* Men's 15 km Classical

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