新视野大学英语4 读写教程 4课后翻译答案(3)

large-scale frescoes (湿壁画) painted on the ceilings. There is usually a central projection that is qui te large and juts outward, and domes erected in a pear shape are often seen. The most well-known Baroque buildings include the St. Paul's Cathedral in the UK and the Palace of Versailles in France. Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Francesco Borromini were the two main architects of the Baroque era.

巴洛克建筑是一种建筑风格，兴盛于16世纪晚期至18世纪中期的欧洲。它由意大利文艺复兴时期的建筑发展而来，当时文艺复兴建筑师开始对过去200多年来一直沿用的对称的、一成不变的旧建筑形式感到厌倦，开始建造醒目的、具有曲线性而非对称的巴洛克建筑。巴洛克风格的建筑有一些共同特征。大理石、镀金、青铜是巴洛克建筑师大量使用的材料。椭圆形是巴洛克建筑最鲜明且十分常见的形状。戏剧性的光照运用也是其重要特征，主要是通过强烈的光影对比或由窗户进入的均匀光线来实现。丰富的色彩和装饰运用也很常见，这从天花板上的大幅壁画中可以看出。巴洛克建筑通常正中还有一个相当大并且向外突出的部分，梨形的拱顶也十分常见。最著名的巴洛克建筑包括英国的圣保罗大教堂和法国的凡尔赛宫。杰安?劳伦佐?贝尼尼和弗朗西斯科?博罗米尼是巴洛克时期两位主要的建筑师。

苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表，大部分为私家所有。苏州园林始于春秋，兴于宋元，盛于明清。清末苏州已有各色园林170余处，为其赢得了"园林之城"的称号。现保存完好的园林有60多处，对外开放的有十余处。其中沧浪亭、狮子林、拙政园和留园分别代表着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺术风格，被称为"苏州四大名园"。苏州园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，其建筑规制反映了中国古代江南民间的生活方式和礼仪习俗。苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物，同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。1997年，苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入"世界遗产名录"。

Suzhou gardens are the most outstanding representatives of classical Chinese gardens. Most of them were privately-owned. The gardens first appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period, developed in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties. By the late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou had got as many as over 170 gardens of diverse styles, winning it the name "The City of Gardens". Now, over 60 gardens are kept in good condition, of which more than 10 are open to the public. The Surging Wave Pavilion, the Lion Grove Garden, the Humble Administrator's Garden and the Lingering Garden are called the fo ur most famous gardens in Suzhou, representing the artistic

外研社新视野大学英语4 读写教程4 book4 课后翻译答案

Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist. His writings cover many subjects, including physics, biology, zoology, logic, ethics, poetry, theater, music, linguistics, politics and government, and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy. Aristotle was the first to classify areas of human knowledge into distinct disciplines such as mathematics, biology, and ethics. He believed all people's concepts and all their knowledge were ultimately based on perception. His views on natural sciences laid the groundwork for many of his works. He contributed to almost every field of human knowledge in his era. His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, and even today all aspects of Aristotle's philosophy continue to be the important subject of academic study. His philosophy had a long-lasting influence on the development of all Western philosophical theories. More than 2,300 years after his death, Aristotle remains one of the most influential philosophers and scientists.

亚里士多德是古希腊的哲学家和科学家。他的作品涵盖了许多学科，包括物理学、生物学、动物学、逻辑学、伦理学、诗歌、戏剧、音乐、语言学、政治和政府，构成了第一个综合的西方哲学体系。亚里士多德是第一个将人类的知识领域划分为不同学科的人，如数学，生物学和伦理学。他相信人所有的观念和所有的知识在根本上都是基于感知能力。他对自然科学的看法构成了他许多作品的基础。他几乎对他所处时期的每一个人类知识领域都作出了贡献。他的作品包含了人们所知的最早的关于逻辑的正式研究，即使在今天，亚里士多德哲学所涵盖的方方面面仍是学术研究的重要课题。他的哲学对所有的西方哲学理论的发展有着经久不衰的影响。在去世2,300多年后，亚里士多德仍是最有影响力的哲学家和科学家之一。

中庸思想（Doctrine of the Mean）是儒家思想的核心内容。孔子所谓的"中"不是指"折中"，而是指在认识和处理客观事物时的一种"适度"和"恰如其分"的方法。孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待，而且还应该通过自身修养和锻炼，把它融入自己的日常行为当中，使之成为一种美德。中庸思想是儒家思想的核心，也是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。从它形成到现在，一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。

The Doctrine of the Mean is the core of Confucianism. The so-called "mean" by Confucius doesn't mean "compromise" but a "moderate" and "just-right" way when understanding and handling objective things. Confucius advocated that this thought should not only be treated as a way to understand and deal with things but also be integrated into one's daily conduct to make it a virtue through self-cultivation and training. The Doctrine of the Mean is not only the core of Confucianism but also an important component of traditional Chinese culture. From the time it came into being to the present, it has played an invaluable role in the construction of nat ional spirit, the transmission of national wisdom, and the development of national culture.

外研社新视野大学英语4 读写教程4 book4 课后翻译答案

William Shakespeare is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent (杰出的) dramatist. His plays have been translated into a vast number of languages and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Shakespeare's early works were mostly comedies and histories, which have the reputation of being among the finest masterpieces produced in these genres (体裁) even today. Later on, Sh akespeare wrote mainly tragedies, some of which,

like Hamlet and King Lear, earned him fame …… 此处隐藏：5136字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……