词类转换法级语态的转换

英语笔译

Unit 4

词类转换法

Conversion

英语笔译

教学目的要求：在汉译英中掌 握词类转换的翻译技巧。 教学重点：汉语动词的转换 教学难点：汉语动词的转换

英语笔译

I. Conversion: Conversion is also a common practice in Chinese-English translation. It is to change the parts of speech into another. 借刀杀人 murder sb. with a borrowed sword 徐悲鸿画马画得特别好！ Xu’s drawings of horses are exceptionally good.

英语笔译

II. Verbs 1. Verbs to be converted into Nouns.

1) 林则徐认为，要成功地制止鸦 片买卖，就得首先把鸦片销毁。 Lin Zexu believed that a successful ban of the trade in opium should be preceded by a destruction of the drug itself. (v.—n.)

英语笔译

2) 邓小平在“十一大”上说：“一 定要少说空话，多做工作”。 Deng Xiaoping said at the 11th Party Congress, ―There must be less empty talk and more hard work.‖ (v–n) 3) 绝对不许违反这个原则。 No violation of this principle can be tolerated. (v—n)

英语笔译

4) 采用这种新装置可以大大降低废 品率。 The adoption of this new device will greatly cut down the percentage of defective products. 5) 他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质 量。 He laid special stress on raising the quality of the products in his speech.

英语笔译

6) 中国人民百年以来不屈不挠、再接再 厉地英勇斗争，使得帝国主义至今不能 灭亡中国，也永远不能灭亡中国。 Thanks to Chinese people’s unrelenting and heroic struggle during the last hundred years, imperialism has not been able to subjugate China, nor will it ever be able to do so. 7) 他们一不会做工，二不会种地，三不 会打仗。 They don’t know a thing about factory work, nor about farm work, nor about military affairs.

英语笔译

2. Verbs to be converted into Adjectives 1) 获息贵国遭受海啸，我们极为关切。 We are deeply concerned at the news that your country has been struck by a tsunami. 2) 他们怀疑他是否能负担得起。 They are doubtful whether he can afford it.

英语笔译

3) 他们不满足于现有的成就。 We are not content with our present achievements. 4) 我们相信，在两市的共同努力下， 我们两市的合作必定进一步发展。 We are convinced that with the joint efforts of our two cities, the friendly relation and cooperation between us will develop further.

英语笔译

1. V. – prep. (phrases) 1) 政府支持这个项目。 The government is behind this project. 2) 我们全体赞成他的建议。 We are all for / in favor of his suggestion. 3) 这种人闹什么东西呢？闹名誉，闹地 位，闹出风头。 What are these people after? They are after fame and position and want to be in the limelight.

英语笔译

4) 孩子们都上同一个学堂。 The children are in the same school. 5) 我们对待世界大战这个问

题的态 度是，第一，反对；第二，不怕。 Our attitude towards the question of world war is, first, we are against it; second, we are not afraid of it. 6) 他们不顾一切困难、挫折，坚持 战斗。 They kept on fighting in spite of all difficulties and setbacks.

英语笔译

1. Chinese adj. or adv. – -- English noun.

1) 这个问题至关重要。 This issue is of paramount/vital/pivotal importance. 2) 他试图以热情的款待把他的窘态遮 盖过去。 He tried to cover up his embarrassment with the enthusiasm of his hospitality. 3) 街中的一切逐渐消逝在灰暗的暮色里。 Everything in the street was gradually disappearing into a pall of gray.

英语笔译

5. Chinese nouns (such as 印象、态 度、特点、地位 etc.) into English verbs. 1) 他的演讲给听众的印象很深。 His speech impressed the audience deeply. 2) 该厂产品的主要特点是工艺精湛,经 久耐用。 The products of this factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability.

英语笔译

3) 社会主义革命的目的是为了 解放生产力。 Socialist revolution aims at liberating/emancipating productivity.

英语笔译

6. Others

1) 我们的教育方针，应该使受教育者在德育、 智育、体育几方面都得到发展，成为有社会 主义觉悟、有文化的劳动者。 Our educational policy must enable everyone who receive an education to develop morally, intellectually, physically and become a worker with both socialist consciousness and culture. (n. – adv.) 2) 你熟悉这种晶体管放大器的性能吗？ Are you familiar with the performance of this type of transistor amplifier?

英语笔译

Exercises: Verb to Noun 1 反对三峡工程的人说新形成的水库会淹没 许多城镇和乡村。 Opponents to the Three Gorges Dam argued that the new reservoir would flood many cities and villages. 2了解过去有助于了解现在，了解现在有助 于预知未来。 An acquaintance of the past is helpful to the acquaintance of the present, which is in turn helpful to the prediction of the future.