祈使句用法讲解(3)

C. Drinking D. Having drinking

(3) ______ me, and then try to copy what I do. A. Watch C. To watch

B. Watching D. Have watching

(4) _____ through this book and tell me what you think of it. A. Look C. To look

B. Looking D. Having looked

(5) _____ it with me and I’ll see what I can do. A. Leave C. If you leave

B. Leaving D. When left

有时不用连词连接句子，而用破折号，情况也是一样(答案均选A)。如： (6) _____ down the radio — the baby’s asleep in the next room. A. Turn C. to turn

B. Turning D. To have turned

(7) _____ some of this juice — perhaps you will like it. A. Try C. To try

B. Trying D. To have tried

以下各题也应选A，是因为句中的从属连词 when, before, until 等（填空句为祈使句）： (8) ______ him enough time to get home before you telephone. A. Give C. Giving

B. To give D. Given

(9) ______ left when you get to the end of the street. A. Keep C. To keep

B. Keeping D. Kept

(10) ______ your hand over your mouth when you cough. A. Put C. To put

B. Putting D. To be putting

(11)______ until the lights have turned to green. A. Wait C. Waiting

B. To wait D. Having waited

(12) ______ the pieces of cloth with a loose stitch before finally sewing them together.

A. Join C. Joining

B. To join D. Joined

以下各题也应选A，因为填空句为祈使句(from www.yygrammar.com)： (13) I don’t want to listen a long story — just _____ me the result. A. tell C. to tell

B. telling D. to be telling

(14) Why stand there watching — _____ and help us! A. come C. to come

B. coming D. to be coming

(15) Don’t waste your money on silly things — ______ it. A. save C. saving

B. to save D. having saved

(16) First ______ the rice by washing it, then ______ it in boiling water. A. prepare, cook C. preparing, cook

B. preparing, cooking D. prepare, cooking

(17) To test eggs, _____ them in a bowl of water: if they float they’re bad, if they sink they’re good.

A. put C. to put

B. putting D. to be putting

但是请注意，类似下面这样的题目情形有所不同，所填部分为目的状语（用不定式，即答案选B）：

(18) ______ French well, she went to France to live with his cousins. A. Study C. Studying

B. To study D. Having studied

(19) _____ late in the morning, Mr. Smith turned off the alarm. A. Sleep C. Sleeping

B. To sleep D. Having slept

(20) ______ the flies out, we had to shut all the doors and windows. A. Keep C. Keeping

B. To keep D. Having kept

(21) ______ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English. A. Improving C. Improve

B. To improve D. Having improved

学习祈使句应的五个要点

祈使句是表示请求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议的句子。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称，但往往省去不用。同学们在学习祈使句时应注意以下几点：

一、祈使句谓语用何动词形式

英语祈使句的谓语总是用动词原形。如： Be quiet! 别说话!

Come earlier next time. 下次早点来。 Have a good time. 愿你玩得痛快。 Go and tell her. 去告诉她吧。

注：有时为了加强语气，可在动词前加do。如： Do be careful. 务请小心。 Do come on time. 务必请准时来。 二、肯定祈使句如何变成否定祈使句

祈使句否定式的构成方法是在动词原形前加don’t： Don’t be late. 不要迟到。

Don’t speak so loud. 别这么大声说话。 Don’t walk on the grass. 不要在草坪上走。 Don’t lose the key. 别把钥匙丢了。

Don’t come unless I telephone. 除非我打电话，否则你别来。 三、与please连用以使语气委婉

为使语气委婉，通常将祈使句与please连用。Please可用于祈使句的句首(其后通常不用逗号)或句末(其前通常用逗号)。如：

Please don’t get angry. 请不要生气。 Please drive more slowly. 请开得慢一点。

Please cut me a piece of cake. 请给我切一块蛋糕。 Please try to be quiet. 请设法保持安静。

Please repeat what you’ve just said. 请把你刚才说的话重复一遍。 四、关于以let开头的祈使句

Let’s eat out tonight. 我们今晚出去吃饭吧。 Let me have a try. 我来试一试。

Let me show you how to do it. 我来告诉你怎样做。 Let every man do his best. 让每个人人尽其才。

Let the meat cook slowly. 把肉用慢火炖。 注意：

1. 这类祈使句的否定式有两种形式。如：

Let’s not hurry. / Don’t let’s hurry. 我们不要太急。

2. let后用作宾语补足语的动词要用原形，不能用带to的不定式。 五、祈使句的反意疑问句形式

1. 在通常情况下，若陈述部分为祈使句，反意疑问句通常用will you, won’t you, would you等。如：

Turn on the TV, will you? 把电视打开，好吗? Tell me the truth, won’t you? 告诉我实话，好吗?

If you want help, let me know, would you? 如果你需要帮助，告诉我，好吗? 注：若陈述部分为否定式，则反意疑问句部分只用will you。如： Don’t forget to post the letter, will you? 请别忘了寄信。 2. 若陈述部分为以 let开头的祈使句，则要分两种情况： (1) 表示请求时，用will you?

Let me do it for you, will you? 让我替你做，好吗？

Let us know your address, will you? 把你的地址告诉我们吧，好吗? (2) 表示建议时，用shall we?

Let’s go swimming together, shall we? 我们一起去游泳好吗?

Let’s all sit under this tree, shall we? 咱们都坐在这棵树下，好不好？

祈使句如何变为否定句

一、一般情况

一般说来，祈使句的否定是在祈使句首加Don’t。如： (1) Come here. —Don’t come here. 不要来这儿。 (2) Be angry. —Don’t be angry. 不要生气 二、let型

当祈使句表示邀请或建议(Let’s?) 时，则在Let’s与 do之间加not。如： (1) Let’s talk about it. —Let’s not talk about it. 我们别谈论它吧。

(2) Let’s go swimming there. —Let’s not go swimming there. 我们别去那里游泳吧。 三、无动词型

无动词祈使句的否定：在无动词祈使句的句首加not。如： (1) Here? — Not here. 不是这里。 (2) Green?—Not green. 不是绿色的。 (3) This one? — Not this one. 不是这个。

祈使句如何变为反意疑问句

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