现代英语词汇学概论10 English Idioms

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

9

English Idioms

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

第九部分Definition Characteristics of idioms Classification of idioms Stylistic features colloquialisms Use of idioms Rhetorical features Variations

semantic unity

phonetic manipulationlexical manipulation figures of speech

structural stability

noun idioms Adjectives idioms verb idioms

replacement addition or deletion position-shifting

slang literary expression

adverb idioms Sentence idioms

shortening

dismembering

BACK

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

What are idioms?

Pick out the idioms:Sam is a real cool cat. He never blows his stack and hardly ever flies off the handle. What's more, he knows how to get away with things... Well, of course, he is getting on, too. His hair is pepper and salt, but he knows how to make up for lost time by taking it easy. He gets up early, works out, and turns in early. He takes care of the hot dog stand like a breeze until he gets time off. Sam's got it made; this is it for him.

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

Sam is a real cool cat. He never blows his stack and hardly ever flies off the handle. What are knows how to get away What's more, heidioms? with things... Well, of course, he is getting on, too. His hair is pepper and salt, but he knows how to make up for lost time by taking it easy. He gets up early, works out, and turns in early. He takes care of the hot dog stand like a breeze until he gets time off. Sam's got it made; this is it for him.

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

Sam is a real cool cat. He never blows his stack and hardly ever flies off the handle. What are knows how to get away What's more, heidioms? with things... Well, of course, he is getting on, too. His hair is pepper and salt, but he knows how to make up for lost time by taking it easy. He gets up early, works out, and turns in early. He takes care of the hot dog stand like a breeze until he gets time off. Sam's got it made; this is it for him.

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

What are idioms?

a cool cat = a really calm person blow one's stack = lose control over oneself fly off the handle = become excessively angry what's more = furthermore get away with = commit an illegitimate act without penalty of course = naturally

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

What are idioms?

get on = get old pepper and salt = grey (hair) make up for = compensate for lost time = time wasted take it easy = relax, not worry get up = rise from bed turn in = go into bed

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

What are idioms?

take care of = manage or look after like a breeze = without effort or easily time off = time for rest get it made = be successful this is it = be in a position or place, or have possession of an object beyond which more of the same is unnecessary

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

Sam is really a calm person. He never loses control of himself and hardly ever becomes too angry. Furthermore, he knows how to manage What are idioms? his business financially by using a few tricks… Needless to say, he, too, is getting older. His hair is beginning to turn grey, but he knows how to compensate for wasted time by relaxing. He rises earl

y, exercises, and goes to bed early. He manages his frankfurter dispensary without visible effort, until it is someone else's turn to work there. Sam is successful, he has reached his life's goal.

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

What are idioms?

Definition: Idioms are set phrases or short sentences, which are peculiar to the language in question, and whose meanings are often difficult or impossible to deduce from the literal meanings of the constituents构件.

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

9.1 Characteristics of Idioms 9.1.1 Semantic Unity

Example: kick the bucket (V + N) = die (functioning as a verb) till the cows come home (Pron+N+V+Adv) = forever (functioning as an adv) Each idiom is a semantic unity语义的整体性. The meanings of the constituents do not contribute to the meaning of the whole.

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

9.1.1 Semantic Unity

The semantic unity is also reflected in the illogic combination of the constituents. wear one s heart upon one s sleeve = show one s feelings openly rain cats and dogs = rain heavily wear the trousers = (of the wife) have overall control

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

9.1.2 Structural Stability

Idioms are structurally stable. Their structures are fixed to a large extent. 1. The constituents cannot be changed. kick the bucket * strike the bucket * kick the pail * kick a bucket

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

9.1.2 Structural Stability

2. The word-order cannot be changed. by twos and threes 三三两两 * by threes and twos the lion s share 最大的份额 * the share of the lion

《现代英语词汇学概论》北京师范大学出版社 张韵斐主编 chapter10

9.1.2 Structural Stability

3. The constituents cannot be deleted or added to. Diamond cut diamond. * A diamond cuts diamond. out of the question = impossible * out of question = impossible out of question …… 此处隐藏：3292字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……