2018届上海市各高中名校高三英语题型分类专题汇编--摘要写作(Sum(2)

Five【2018届上海市华东师大二附中高三英语11月考试题】 IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Learn from mistakes

The best way to learn something is to make mistakes first.Thomas Edison,who invented the light bulb,told his colleagues:\the 200 light bulbs that didn't work,every failure told me something I was able to incorporate into the next attempt.\Franklin,the US statesman and scientist once said:“I haven't failed.I have had 10,000 ideas that didn't work.”

Both these people understood that failures and false starts are the condition of success.In fact,a surprising number of everyday objects had their beginnings in a mistake or a misunderstanding.Post-it-notes,packets of crisps and even bread are all unexpected inventions.In 2600 BC,a tired Egyptian slave invented bread when the dough rose during his sleep.And crisps were first cooked by a chief in the USA when a customer complained that his fried potatoes were not thin enough.

In 1958 Spencer Silver was trying to develop a strong adhesive when he accidentally invented a very weak glue instead.His colleague,Art Fry,decided to use it six years later,in 1974,to hold his bookmarks in his books and the post-it note was invented.

Successful business people have often made big,expensive mistakes in their past.When an employee of IBM made a mistake that cost the company $600,000,Thomos Watson,the chairman,was asked if he would fire the man. \course not,\replied.“I have just spent $600,000 training him.I am not going to let another company benefit from experience.”

The important thing to remember is that you need to learn from your mistakes.If you

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2018届上海市各大名校高三英语题型分类汇编加强版：摘要写作Summary Writing

don't,then there is no sense in making them. Keys:

The best way to learn something is to make mistakes first .And failures and false starts are the condition of success. In fact, lots of everyday objects had their beginnings in a mistake .Besides,Successful business people have often made big ,expensive mistakes in their past. All in all,The important thing is that you need to learn from your mistakes.

Six【2018届上海市复旦附中高三英语综合测试题】 IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.

In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.

Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?

Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, American immunologist (免疫学家），encourages children to play in the

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